词汇表 first-time 首次的，初次的

substantial 大量的

volume 体积，总量

grey matter （大脑）灰质

brain fog “脑雾”，指思维不清，反应迟钝的症状

mental capacity 心智，思维能力

pruning 删减、精简的过程

brain circuits 脑回路

attribute 将（品质、特征）归属于

motherhood 母性，母亲身份

recognising 辨识，识别

anticipating 预料

测验 请听报道并回答下列问题。

1. What did the scans of 25 first-time mothers' brains show?

2. According to researchers, what do these changes represent?

3. True or false? There were no obvious changes in first-time fathers' grey matter.

4. Which word in the text means 'the process of polishing and improving something'?

答案 1. What did the scans of 25 first-time mothers' brains show?

The scans of 25 first-time mothers showed "substantial" reductions in the volume of grey matter.

2. According to researchers, what do these changes represent?

According to researchers, rather than indicating a simple loss of mental capacity or intelligence, the changes represent a pruning and refinement of brain circuits.

3. True or false? There were no obvious changes in first-time fathers' grey matter.

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