安徽省明光英普辅导中心高考英语二轮复习精品课件：定语从句与状语从句_高考复习指南

安徽省明光英普辅导中心高考英语二轮复习精品课件：定语从句与状语从句

　　D．which 解析：A。本题考查定语从句的引导词。从句主体结构完整，故排除B、D两项；where指地点，与句意不符；故A项正确，引导的定语从句修饰先行词the days。句意：完全靠体力劳动谋生的日子已一去不复返了。四、关系代词和关系副词的区别当先行词为表示时间、地点的词时，引导词用关系代词还是关系副词是定语从句学习中的一个难点。要确定引导词在从句中所作的成分(如果引导词在从句中作状语，则用why, when或where，否则用that或which)，考生可以采用“补全法”，即依据句意把从句补充完整(补上去的部分在从句中所作的成分就是引导词在从句中所作的成分)，这样就可以很容易地判断出引导词在从句中所作的成分。 1．Do you still remember the chicken farm ______ we visited three months ago? 分析：把从句补充完整为“we visited the chicken farm three months ago”，考生据此可以判断出引导词在从句中作宾语，因此填关系代词that/which。 2．In an hour, we can travel to places ______ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. 分析：把从句补充完整为“the places would have taken our ancestors days to reach”，考生据此可以判断出引导词在从句中作主语，因此填关系代词that/which。 3．Some pre－school children go to a day care center, ______ they learn simple games and songs. 分析：把从句补充完整为“in (at) the day care center they learn simple games and songs”，据此可以判断出引导词在从句中作地点状语，因此用where/in(at) which。 ◆技巧遇到时间和地点，判断成分是关键；主语、宾语用关代，状语才能用关副。(关代：关系代词；关副：关系副词) ◆精析在考查定语从句时，有时命题人故意在空格处设置一些插入语等干扰信息迷惑考生。解题时，考生可以将其忽略，从而排除干扰。 —Is that the small town you often refer to? —Right, just the one ______ you know I used to work for years. 分析：空白处应填where。此题很容易受you know的影响而误填关系代词。其实you know是插入语，解题时可以将其忽略，简化句子结构：just the one ______ I used to work for years，这样考生就很容易判断出引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。 ◆探究表示时间、地点的先行词的模糊化。研究高考试题后，考生会发现近几年高考试题中表示时间、地点的先行词有些已经不是一个明显的表示时间、地点的词语，如：period, ten years ago, the street, the museum，而是已经模糊化的词语，如：activity, business, occasion, point, case等。解题时考生要弄清这些词汇在句中的意义，并结合其在从句中所作的成分选用恰当的引导词。 ◆警示 point, situation, case后的定语从句的引导词并非总是由where来引导，只有当引导词在从句中作状语时，才用关系副词where，否则用关系代词。状语从句一、连词when, while, as的用法区别 1．下列情况下只能用when (1)作并列连词，意思是“在这时”(at this time)，常用于下列句型： ①be doing...when...某事正在进行，这时发生了另外一件事 We were walking along the river when I heard a cry of help. ②be about to do...when...即将做某事，这时发生了另外一件事 I was just about to leave when I saw him running towards me with a bag in his hand. ③had(not)＋过去分词．..when...某事刚发生，就发生了另外一件事；某件事情还没有持续多长时间，就发生了另外一件事 We had just sat down when someone knocked at the door. We hadn't been asleep for long when we heard a terrible noise. (2)表示“既然”。 How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me? (3)表示“虽然”，位于句中。 He walks when he could take a taxi. 2．下列情况下只能用while (1)表示对比或比较，意为“然而，可是”。 He likes dancing while his brother likes singing. (2)表示“尽管”，用于句首。 While she is a top student, she has some shortcomings. 3．表示发展、变化的情况时，只能用as As he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. ◆拓展 when, while, as的用法共同点在说明事情发生的背景时，when, while, as都可以使用。 He broke his leg when/while/ as he was playing football. ◆拓展表示“当……的时候”，可以使用when，也可以使用while。when从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性的。请比较： 1．It was nine o'clock when I got home.(非延续性动词) 2．He was reading a newspaper while he was waiting for a bus.(延续性动词) 二、“It＋be＋时间＋从句”中连词的选择 “It＋be＋时间＋从句”句型是高考考查的热点，其中连词的选择是个难点。突破这个难点的关键是要把握好句意，根据句意的需要选择合适的连词： 1．表示“再过多长时间某事才会发生”，用“It will be＋时间段＋before从句”。 It will be three weeks before we have the next exam. 再过三个星期我们才会进行下次考试。 2．表示“自从……以来有多长时间了”用“It be＋时间段＋since从句”，be动词如果用一般现在时，则从句用一般过去时，如果be动词用一般过去时，则从句用过去完成时。 It is three years since he joined the army. He said it was three years since he had joined the army.