3.The poverty(贫困)was worse than anything my young companions had ever imagined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settled over the group. Many ______ and cried. A.gave up
B.broke down C.set off
D.held on
[解析] B 与cry(哭)并列应当是break down(情绪失控,精神崩溃),故选B。 4.It's not easy being a teenager—nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or ______ by what you say without realizing it yourself. A.dismissed
B.misunderstood C.misled
D.satisfied
[解析] B 与angry(生气)和hurt(被伤害)意义相关的应当是misunderstood(被误解),故选B。
We made him monitor of our class.
我们让他当我们班的班长。
Wei Fang, head of our class, will go abroad for a visit.
魏芳,我们的班长,将去国外参观访问。 (2) “make+宾语+宾语补足语”中,作宾语补足语的可以是动词原形、形容词、名词、过去分词、现在分词等,意思是“使得……(怎么样)”。
His jokes made us all laugh.
他的笑话把我们都逗笑了。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
(3) 如果make后边的宾语是不定式或that从句,宾语补足语是形容词或名词,这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上,把真正的宾语放在后面。find, feel,think等动词也可以有类似的用法。
The use of computers has made it possible for more people to work at home.
计算机的使用使得更多的人们在家工作成为可能。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【温馨提示】 在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,如果作宾补的是不定式,要省略to,即直接用动词原形;但是当改为被动语态时,要把to还原。 Workers were made to work 10 hours a day. 工人们被迫一天工作十个小时。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1.汉译英
他被迫离开了家。
________________________. 第6讲 │ 句型透视
He was made to leave home 2.单项填空
Mobile phones and the Internet have made
________
simple to contact a friend, relative or colleague, wherever they are in the world.
A.that
B.this
C.them
D.it
[解析] D 考查代词用法。句意:手机和因特网使得联系朋友、亲戚和同事变得容易,无论他们在世界哪个地方。it作形式宾语,代替真正的宾语to contact a friend, relative or colleague。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
4 Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single
test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that
finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut. 尽 管杨利伟并不是每项测试都得了最高分,但他的各项心理 测试所得的高分使他最终赢得了中国首名宇航员的地位。 【句式点拨】 It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分 强调句型强调it is/was和that/who之间的成分。在这个句型中把it is/was和that/who去掉不会影响句子的完整性。如: 对下面这个句子标序号的各个部分进行强调
第6讲 │ 句型透视
I
①found
a wallet
② in the playground
③ yesterday
④.
①It was I that/who found a wallet in the playground yesterday. 就是我昨天在操场发现了一个钱包。
②It was a wallet that I found in the playground yesterday. 昨天我在操场发现的就是一个钱包。
③It was in the playground that I found a wallet yesterday. 我昨天就在是在操场发现了一个钱包。
④It was yesterday that I found a wallet in the playground. 就在昨天我在操场发现了一个钱包。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【相关拓展】 这种结构可以强调除主语外的宾语、状语、表语以及not...until...结构的句子等。注意:这种结构不能强调谓语,要强调谓语(只能用在一般现在时和一般过去时)可以用助动词do/does/did+动词原形。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
就是这个农场,他至少参观过三次了。
_________________he has paid a visit to at least three times. 2.单项填空
It was what you do rather than what you say
________
matters.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.this
[解析] A 考查强调句型。It was+被强调部分+that从句。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
It is the farm that 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Don’t d ________ her; she is doing her homework. 2.You must ________ (申请) for your visa at the Australian embassy. 3.Curiosity is a sign of the ________ (渴望) to understand the world around us better. 4.Children are c ________ about everything. They are always asking a lot of questions. isturb apply desire urious 5.There are many wellp ________ old buildings in this small town. These buildings attract a lot of visitors every year. 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
reserved Ⅱ.选词填空(有两项多余)
be curious about, set sail for, as well as,result in, pay off,apply to,look up to sb. 1.The country mouse ________________ the big city. 2.The widening gap between rich and poor is ___________ social tensions. 3.It is expected that another $10,000 will be ________ before long. 4.We should __________ him as an example of devotion to duty. 5.Scientific discoveries are often _________ industrial and agricultural production methods. 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
was curious about resulting in paid off look up to applied to Ⅲ.单项填空 1.At minus 130℃,a living cell can be ________
for a thousand years.
A.sparedB.protected
C.preserved
D.developed
[解析] C 考查动词辨析。句意:在零下130摄氏度的温度下,一个活细胞可以存活1,000年。preserve保存、保持,符合题意。spare留出,让给,抽出(时间);protect保护;develop发展。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
2.Jenny nearly missed the flight ________ doing too much shopping.
A.as a result of
B.on top of
C.in front of
D.in need of
[解析] A 句意:由于大量购物珍妮差点错过了航班。as a result of由于……,符合题意。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
3.The villagers went out to the mountain
________
the missing child.
A.in a search of
B.looking after
C.searched for
D.in search of
[解析] D in search of介词短语“寻找”;look after“照顾,照看”;search for“寻找”。根据句意可知本题应该选用介词短语作状语。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
4.Nobody noticed the thief enter the house because the lights happened to
________ .
A.go over
B.go through
C.go on
D.go out
[解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。go out 表示“(灯火等)熄灭”。go over复习,go through经受,go on继续。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
5.If you are
________
about Australian cities, just read the book written by Dr Johnson.
A.interested
B.anxious
C.upset
D.curious
[解析] D 考查词语搭配。be interested in对……感兴趣;be anxious about对……感到担忧;be curious about对……感到好奇。根据句意:“如果你对澳大利亚城市充满好奇的话,就去读一读约翰逊博士写的那本书吧。”可知,应选择D。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
6.Sometimes we buy a magazine with absolutely no purpose
________
to kill time.
A.other than
B.rather than
C.as well as
D.as if
[解析] A 考查短语辨析。句意:有时候我们买杂志除了消磨时间外,别无他意。other than 除了;rather than 而不是;as well as 以及,还有;as if 似乎。根据语意可知A项正确。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
7.—Believe it or not, last month in America I came across the girl whose photo was in the drift bottle I got three years ago!
—Really? That’s the most surprising
________
I’ve ever heard of!
A.acquaintance
B.coincident
C.viewpoint
D.procedure
[解析] B 考查名词辨析。双方谈到的是“偶遇事件”而非观点或过程(程序),故C、D不对;A的意思是“熟人”,不合语意;B的意思是“巧合,偶遇事件”。故答案选B。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
8.All her hard work
________
in the end, and she finally passed the exam.
A.took off
B.went off
C.paid off
D.set off
[解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:所有的辛苦最终得到回报,她最后通过了考试。pay off 回报,偿还;take off 起飞,脱掉,成名;go off离开,去世,消失,爆炸,被发射;set off 出发,动身,使爆炸。故选C。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
9.It is a disease that can
________
total deafness if left untreated.
A.leave behind
B.leave alone
C.let down
D.result in
[解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。leave behind遗留,留下,追过,超过; leave alone丢下不管,不理会; let down放下,抛弃,使失望,损坏威信,丢面子; result in引起,导致。故选D。 10.As we all know, copyright
________
novels, films, music, artwork and architectural designs.
A.polishes up
B.lies in
C.shows off
D.applies to
[解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。polish up改善,lie in在于,show off炫耀,apply to适用于,应用于。根据句意可知选择D项。 阅读写作(六)[完形填空技法指导之行文逻辑 ]
重视首句理解 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时,应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇,而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话都是完整的,为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路,而且,这里往往包含主题句,提供理解文章大意和主要内容必要的线索。此外,完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章,各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系,因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索,搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。 答题时,考生首先要树立起语篇概念,抓住文章主题思想,理清其结构布局, 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系,利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括:并列关系(连接词有and,while等);转折关系(连接词有but,however,though,whereas,nevertheless等);因果关系(连接词有so,therefore,thus,because, for,since,as等);让步关系(连接词或短语有though,although,despite, in spite of等);条件关系(连接词或短语有if,unless, once,provided that,in case of等);解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.,that is to say, in other words等);顺序关系(连接词有before,after,and,first,second,then,next, finally等)。 一、因果关系 例1 These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows ______ and pale and has changed so much that it is almost unrecognizable to the parents. A.sick
B.slim C.short
D.small 【点睛】 A 选项中只有sick才与pale有相关性(因果关系),即因为“生病”,所以脸色才会“苍白”,故选A。 二、同类关系 例2 Edgar Allan Poe, whose life was short and seemingly unhappy, wrote stories and poems of mystery and ______, insanity(疯狂)and death. A.happiness
B.science C.society
D.terror 【点睛】 D 因为只有terror(恐怖)才与mystery(神秘)、insanity(疯狂)和death(死亡)是表示同类意义的名词,而不可能是与“happiness(幸福)”、“science(科学)”或“society(社会)”并列,故选D。 三、类属关系 例3 Edgar Allan Poe is also remembered as the father of modern detective fiction, stories of an investigator who has to solve murders and other ______. A.accidents
B.crimes C.events
D.incidents 【点睛】 B 因为“murder(凶杀)”是各种“crimes(犯罪)”行为中的一种,所以与“murder(凶杀)”并列的应是“其他各种犯罪行为”,故选B。 四、相对关系 例4 When Christ was born nearly two thousand years ago, many people, rich and ______, gave him presents. A.ill
B.healthy C.poor
D.tall 【点睛】 C 因为由句意可知,应当是指“耶稣出生时,许多人,无论贫富,都给他礼物”,故选择与rich相对意义的poor,即选C。 五、转折关系 例5 [2011·江苏卷] (节选)
______, the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldn't always get what he wanted. A.Therefore
B.However C.Moreover
D.Otherwise 【点睛】 B 考查副词词义辨析。A项意为“因此”;B项意为“然而”;C项意为“而且”;D项意为“否则”。句意为:然而(however),故事中的男孩是一个聪明的孩子,即使他并非总能得到他想要的东西。此处是与上文形成对比,所以选B项表示转折。 【活学活用】 1.[2011·江苏卷] (改编) The boy wasn't much of a fruit-eater, preferring a bar of chocolate if given the choice, ______, as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. A.so
B.Then C.But D.or
[解析] C 考查并列连词辨析。句意为:就像人们常说的,越禁止的东西,诱惑力越强。和上文不喜爱吃水果形成对比关系,所以选择C表示转折。 2.Nobel was upset to find out not that he had died, but that, when his time was up, he would be thought of only as one who profited from ______ and destruction. A.death
B.disease C.trouble
D.attack
[解析] A 与destruction(毁灭)并列应当是death(死亡),故选A。 阅读写作(六) │ 重视首句理解 【活学活用】 (1)He _______us to leave soon. (2)We _____ you a merry Christmas. (3)You
__________to be careful crossing streets. (4)I have no _______ to discuss the question. (5)Anyone _______to vote must attend the meeting. 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
desired wish are desired desire desiring 7 apply vi.申请;vt.使用,应用
(1) apply ___ sth. to sb. 向某人申请某物
apply
___ (sb./sth.)
(与某人/某物)有关,有效,适用于……
apply oneself
___
(doing) sth.集中精力做某事
apply oneself / one’s mind / one’s energies to
刻苦努力,致力于
(2) applied adj.
应用的;实用的
(3) application n.
申请(书);应用
applicant n.
申请人
appliance n.
器具;机械;装置 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
for to
to
【活学活用】 (1) What you said doesn’t _______ me. (2) You can’t
______ this rule
___
every case. (3) Were he better qualified, he would
________ the position. (4) She
_______ herself closely
___
the study of foreign languages two years ago. (5) The result of this research will ____________ the treatment of lung cancer. 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
apply to apply
to apply for
applied
to be applied to 1 set sail (from...for...) 启航(从……去……) 第6讲 │ 短语储存
短语储存
go for a sail乘船航行
set an example __
sb.
给某人树立一个榜样
set ___
建立,组建(公司,社团等)
set out/off for
出发去某地
set ______
记下
set aside
存储,把……放在一边
set
___
出发;使爆炸
set foot
___
踏上,到达,登上
set foot __
进入,踏进
set out to do sth./set about doing sth.
开始/着手做某事 第6讲 │ 短语储存
up down off on
in
to 【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
(1) 郑和于1405~1433年间七次下西洋。
Zheng He _________the West seven times between
1405 and 1433.
(2) 与母亲告别后,他就去上学了。
Having said goodbye to his mother, he ___________ school.
(3) 你知道第一个登上月球的人是谁吗?
Who do you know was the first man to _________ the
moon?
第6讲 │ 短语储存
set sail for set off for set foot on 2.单项填空
Einstein liked Bose’s
paper so much that he
________
his own work and translated it into German.
A.gave offB.turned down
C.took over
D.set aside
[解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。give off表示“发出(光等),排出,放出”;turn down表示“把声音调小;委婉拒绝”;take over表示“接管”;set aside表示“把……放在一边”。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
2 result in 导致,引起;以……为结局
(1) result in=cause=lead to=contribute to
导致;造成
result ____
产生于……,由……引起
(2) as a result
结果
__
a result of...
由于……
_______ result
毫无结果地 【易混辨析】 result in和result from result from 因……发生;由……引起,相当于lie in;result in导致;带来,相当于lead to,contribute to和cause。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
without from as 【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
(1) 大雨会引起洪水。
Heavy rain may ________ flooding.
(2) 他父亲喜欢吸烟。结果,他父亲去年死于肺癌。
His father liked smoking. ___________, his father
died
of lung cancer last year.
(3) 由于吸烟,他去年死于肺癌。
He died of lung cancer ___________ smoking last year. 第6讲 │ 短语储存
result in As a result as a result of 2.单项填空
Your success has resulted
________
your hard work. His angry words resulted
________
a fight.
A.from; from
B.in; in
C.in; from
D.from; in
[解析] D 句意为“你的成功是你努力的结果。他愤怒的话引起了一场打斗。” result in 导致;result from起因于。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
3 pay off 使人得益;成功;达到目的;付清,还清(债务等)
pay
______
偿还;报复
pay______
...
为……付钱;赔偿 【活学活用】 (1) 他的耐心和刻苦最终使他赢得了金牌。
His patience and hard work finally _______with a gold medal. (2) 我怎样报答你的好意呢?
How can I ______ you ______ for your kindness? (3) 他们一般在周末领工资。
They are usually _______at weekends. 第6讲 │ 短语储存
for paid off pay back paid off back 4 as well as 和……一样好(修饰行为动词);也,除……之外还,和,以及
might (just) as well do sth.
不妨做某事;只好;还是……为好;最好
may/might well do sth.=be likely to do sth.
很可能做某事
as soon as
一……就……(引导时间状语从句)
as good as
和……一样好;实际上
as far as
和……一样远,远至;就……范围而言 第6讲 │ 短语储存
as long as
和……一样长,长达……; 只要(引导
条件状语从句)
as much/many as
多达……,达到……之多
第6讲 │ 短语储存
【易混辨析】
as well as与as well (1) as well as表示“和,以及”,并列两个对等的成分。其中,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。如:
My daughter as well as her friends likes to listen to music. 我的女儿及其朋友们喜欢听音乐。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
(2) as well意为“也”,用于肯定句末,其前无标点符号,相当于too。如:
He gave me some advice and some money as well.
他给我提了一些建议,也给了我一些钱。
Come early,and bring your younger brother as well.早点来,把你的弟弟也带来。
第6讲 │ 短语储存
【活学活用】 (1) 我认为你唱歌没有她好。
I don’t think you can sing as well as
her.
(2) 这个中年妇女既善良又漂亮。
This middleaged woman is kind
__________ beautiful.
(3) 你不妨留在这里过夜。
You
__________ stay here over the night. (4) 就我所知,她毕业于北京大学。
________I know, she graduated from Beijing University. 第6讲 │ 短语储存
as well as may as well As far as 5 look up to 敬佩,尊敬,敬仰,崇拜,相当于 admire or respect sb.
look
______
照看,照顾
look (a)round
转过头看,到处看看,慎重考虑
look at
看,看待
look back
回想,回顾
look down (upon) on
看不起,轻视
look for
寻找,期待
look forward(s) to
盼望,期望
look into
调查,研究
look like
看起来像,好像是 第6讲 │ 短语储存
after
look on
看待,旁观
look on ... ___
认为,把……看作
look out
向外看,当心
look out
___
当心,注意,提防
look over 检查,打量
look through
温习,仔细检查,浏览
look up
看望,查阅,上涨,好转
look sb. up and down
上下打量某人 第6讲 │ 短语储存
as for 【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
很多人敬仰你,所以你最好明白你在做什么。
A lot of people _________you. You’d better know what you are doing. 第6讲 │ 短语储存
look up to 2.单项填空
No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone
________
you wishing they were that high.
A.getting rid of
B.getting along with
C.looking up to
D.looking down upon
[解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。get rid of除去,look up to尊敬,赞赏;look down upon瞧不起;get along with与……相处。根据句意“无论你自己多么看低自己,总会有仰视你的人,希望他能达到你这样的高度。” 第6讲 │ 短语储存
6 in control (of) 掌管/控制……
(1) be
________
control
受控制/失去控制
get out of control
(动作)失去控制
lose control of
失去对……的控制
keep/have/bring/get sth. under control
控制……
_____
one’s control
在……管理之内
_____ control of
控制
(2) control oneself
自我控制 第6讲 │ 短语储存
under take in/out of
【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
(1) 格林教授负责医院医疗事务方面的所有决策。
Doctor Green is the person ____________ all medical
decisions at the hospital.
(2) 比赛后发生了暴力事件, 但是警方已经控制住了局势。
There has been some violence after the match, but the
police are now ____________ the situation. 第6讲 │ 短语储存
in control of in control of 2.单项填空
The pilot lost
________
of the plane so it crashed.
A.manage
B.grasp
C.hold
D.control
[解析] D lose control of对……失去控制,符合题意。
第6讲 │ 短语储存
1 Bill Gates started Microsoft, one of the biggest IT
companies in the world. 比尔·盖茨开办了微软,世界 上 最大的IT公司之一。 【句式点拨】 one of the biggest IT companies和Microsoft是同位语,同位语是用来说明前面所提到的人或事物。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
句型透视 【相关拓展】 同位语在大多数情况下使用的是同位语从句,从句只是对前面的名词加以解释说明,不起限制作用。 The news that his mother was saved came. 他妈妈被救的消息传开了。 We have got the news that our team has won the game. 我们得知我们队赢了比赛的消息。 Word came that the country would be on war. 有消息传来,这个国家将要开战。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
(1) 童林,一个英俊的小伙子去年死于癌症。
________________________, died of cancer last year.
(2) 我们每个人都有不同种类的裙子。
_______ have many kinds of skirts. 第6讲 │ 句型透视
Tong Lin, a handsome boy We each 2.单项填空
Make a tentative guess
________
Peking Man
________
have done and used thousands of years ago.
A.that; mayB.that; must
C.what; may
D.what; should
[解析] C 考查同位语从句的连接词。此处guess为抽象名词,其后是同位语从句。what在同位语从句中作done和used的宾语。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
2 Without her work, there would be very few mountain
gorillas left today. 要是没有她的工作,恐怕今天就只 剩下 很少的山区大猩猩了。 【句式点拨】 without her work用来表示一种假设,表示与实际情况相反,这种条件称为含蓄条件,也可换成if引导的非真实条件句,相当于If it hadn’t been for her work, there would be very few mountain gorillas left today. Without the sun, nothing would grow. 没有太阳,万物就不会生长。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【相关拓展】 1.在这种含蓄条件句中,句子谓语动词的变化如下:
(1) 表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用
would/could/should/might+动词原形。
(2) 表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用 would/could/should/might+have done。
(3) 表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用 would/could/should/might+动词原形。 2.类似without这样能够表示含蓄条件的词语还有:but for(要不是),otherwise(否则),or(否则)等。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1.汉译英
没有你的帮助我决不会成为一名医生。
_____________________________________________. 第6讲 │ 句型透视
Without your help, I wouldn’t have become a doctor 2.单项填空
But for the help of my English teacher, I
________
the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A.would not have won
B.had not won
C.would have won
D.have won
[解析] A 考查虚拟语气。此处表示与过去的事实相反。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
3 It made him China’s first astronaut in space.
这使他成中国第一个宇航员。 【句式点拨】 此句中的made是谓语,him是宾语,而China’s first astronaut是宾语补足语。如: My parents always made me feel good whenever I was. 无论在什么时候,我的父母总是让我感觉好。 【相关拓展】 (1) 在英语中如果作宾语补足语、主语补足语及同位语,而且 是独一无二的职衔时,作补足语或同位语的名词前不加定 冠词。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
美文欣赏 [2011·北京卷] 假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华。下面四幅图描述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故事,请根据图片的先后顺序,为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文。词数不少于60。
【精彩美文】
Last Monday,we were having our Chinese class when the teacher suddenly slipped and fell. We were all worried about
her. One of the boys carried her on the back,with the help of some others,to the clinic immediately. It turned out that her right leg was broken and she had to stay in the hospital. The following day,we went to visit her with flowers and fruit. Seeing her lying in bed with her leg wrapped in bandages,we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover
soon. This Thursday she returned to the class on a wheelchair to give us lessons. We were all deeply moved and proud of having such a responsible teacher. 【全品点睛】
①行文逻辑:描述图画内容→发表看法。
②词汇短语:运用了较高难度的词汇。如:with the help of,turn out,be proud of等。
③句式句法:运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如:时间状语从句:…when the teacher suddenly slipped and fell;that引导的表语从句:It turned out that her right leg was broken and she had to stay in the hospital;现在分词作状语及宾语补足语,that引导的宾语从句:Seeing her lying in bed with her leg wrapped in bandages, we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon.(分词作状语;that引导的是宾语从句)等。 基础梳理 Ⅰ.单词荟萃 1.curious adj.好奇的,求知欲强的→ ________ n.好奇,珍品 2.fortune n.大笔的钱,财富,运气→ ________ adj.幸运的→ ___________ adv.幸运地 3.preserve v.保存,保护,保持→ ___________ n.保存,保护→ ________ adj.保藏的 4.death n.死亡→ _______adj.死的→ ________ adj.致命的 5.punishment n.惩罚→ ______ vt.惩罚 curiosity fortunate fortunately
preservation
preserved
dead deadly punish 6.disturb vt.打扰,扰乱→ _________ n.打扰,扰乱 7.breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→_______
n.呼吸 8.discourage vt.使灰心,使泄气→ _____________ n.劝阻,泄气→ _________n.勇气→ _________ v.鼓励 9.various adj.各种各样的→ ______n.种类 10.apply vi.申请;vt.使用,应用→ _________ n.申请,应用→ _________ n.申请人 disturbance breath discouragement courage
encourage
variety application
applicant
Ⅱ.短语检测 1.打开,开辟
2.对……好奇
3.启航
4.与……相关/相连
5.导致
6.成功,还清
7.(偶然)遇见,碰到,无意中找到
8.计算
9.控制
10.敬佩
open up
be curious about
set sail
in connection with
result in
pay off
come across
work out
in control of
look up to Ⅲ.佳句再现 1.比尔·盖茨开办了微软,世界上最大的IT公司之一。
Bill Gates started Microsoft, __________________________
in the world. 2.到了20世纪20年代,他已经成为一名探险家,致力于寻找古埃及国王们的陵墓。
By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, ____________ _________________________________________. 3.一旦被人吸入,它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。
___________ ,they can result in illness or even death. one of the biggest IT companies searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings If breathed in 4.后来他想成为一名演员,在好莱坞影片中做主演。
Later he wanted to be an actor ________________________. 5. 一旦造纸商让人们知道如何造纸,纸张就在全世界使用了。
______the paper makers showed people how to make paper, it came into widespread use all over the world. 6.要是没有她的工作,恐怕今天就只剩下很少的山区大猩猩了。
________________________________very few mountain gorillas left today. 7.这使他成为中国第一个宇航员。
It made him
____________________in space. starring in Hollywood films Once Without her work , there
would be China’s first astronaut 8.他生于1965年,自从孩提时他就一直想要飞向太空。
__________, Yang had wanted to fly since he was a young boy. 9.尽管杨利伟并不是每项测试都得了最高分,但他的各项心理测试所得的高分使他最终赢得了中国首名宇航员的地位。
Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test,_______his high scores on the psychological tests _____ finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut. Born in 1965 it was that 单词点睛 1 curious adj.(eagerly interested in learning more) 好奇的,求知欲强的
(1) be curious
_____
对……好奇的
be curious to do...
极想……,很想(做),渴望(做)
be curious wh从句
对……有兴趣
It is curious that...
……是奇怪的(从句中用should+
动词原形, should可省略)
(2) curiosity n.
好奇心
out
__ curiosity
出于好奇
(3) curiously adv.
好奇地 of about 【图片助记】
【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他对那个女孩不愿告诉他的秘密很好奇。
He ________________the secret that the girl didn't want
to tell him.
(2) 我只不过是出于好奇问问罢了。
I asked only ________________.
(3) 那人不请自来,真奇怪。
________________he came without being invited. is curious about out of curiosity It’s curious that 2.单项填空
People have always been ______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A.curious
B.excited
C.anxious
D.careful
[解析] A 考查形容词的意义和用法。句意:人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义,可以确定前面表示的是好奇,be curious about 是“对……感到好奇”的意思。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
2 preserve v.保存,保藏,储存
(1) preserve... _____
...=protect...from... 保护……免受……
preserve our eyesight/public order/world peace保护视 力/维护公共秩序/维护世界和平
be well preserved
(人)保养得很好
(2) preservation n.
保护,保存;保留,维持 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
from 【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子 (1) 我认为应该保留中国的传统习俗。
I think these traditional Chinese customs should
_____________. (2) 你应该戴一副太阳镜来保护你的眼睛以免受强光的刺激。
You should wear a pair of sunglasses to ________ your eyes ______ strong light.
(3) 中国在维护世界和平方面起到了非常重要的作用。
China plays an important part in __________ world peace.
(4) 她真的60岁了吗? 她保养得非常好。
Is she really 60? She is _____________.
第6讲 │ 单词点睛
be preserved preserve from preserving well preserved 2.单项填空
The comrades must be helped to
________
the style of plain living and hard struggle.
A.help
B.preserve
C.make
D.control
[解析] B 句意:必须帮助同志们保持艰苦奋斗的作风。preserve保留,保存。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
3 disturb v.搞乱;妨碍,打扰,扰乱,使(人)心神不宁(常用被动语态)
(1) disturbed adj.
困扰的
be disturbed
____
在……方面被打扰
be disturbed
______
对……感到不安
be disturbed ____
为……感到不安,被……所打扰
(2) disturbance n.
干扰;骚乱 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
in about by 【易混辨析】
第6讲 │ 单词点睛
disturb 主动语态里指无意地“干扰”;被动语态里则指程度较深的烦恼,也指打破平静、秩序等,甚至表示心理、精神方面失常。 bother 主动语态里指有意地“烦恼”;被动语态里则指暂时的、无关紧要的“打扰”。 interrupt 指打扰或打断正在说话的人。 trouble 指麻烦别人所造成的不便而说的客气话。 【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子
(1) 对不起,麻烦问你一下时间。
I am sorry to ______ you, but can you tell me the time?
(2) 别打断我,我正和你妈妈说话。
Stop ___________ me; I am talking to your mother.
(3) 一阵微风使平静的河面泛起波纹。
A light wind ________ the smooth surface of the lake. 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
trouble interrupting disturbed 2.单项填空
At times the balance in nature is
________ , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
A.troubled
B.confused
C.disturbed
D.puzzled
[解析] C trouble麻烦;confuse困惑;disturb扰乱,妨碍;puzzle使疑惑。根据句意:有时候自然的平衡被搅乱的话……,所以选择C。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
4 inspire vt.启迪,赋予灵感;鼓舞,激励
(1) inspire sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire sth. _____ sb.
使某人产生某种感情,激发某人的某种感情
inspire sb. _____ sth.
使某人产生某种感情,激发某人的某种感情
inspire sth. _____ sb.
把某种思想灌输给某人
(2) inspired adj.有创见的,有灵感的
inspiring adj.
鼓舞人心的,激发灵感的
(3) inspiration n.
灵感 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
in with into 【易混辨析】 encourage, inspire和excite 这些动词均表“鼓励,激励”之意。
第6讲 │ 单词点睛
encourage 指改善某人情绪,增强战胜困难,实现目标的信心和勇气。 inspire 通常指鼓起勇气,充满信心和希望。 excite 主要指某人的言行或其他外界因素使他人变得兴奋或感情冲动,多用被动语态。 【活学活用】 1.
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