I must study hard.
我必须努力学习。(发自内心的决定)
I have to study hard.
我不得不努力学习。(外界因素逼迫)
You must stay for supper.
你必须留下来吃晚饭。(because I want you to)
You have to stay for supper.
你得留下来吃晚饭。(because there is nowhere else to go)
must只有一种形式,而have to可有多种时态。
They had to put off the sports meet due to the bad weather.
由于坏天气,他们不得不推迟运动会。
These last two days he has had to take a rest at home.
这两天他必须一直在家休息。
must的否定式和have to的否定式的意思完全不同。
You must keep it a secret. You mustn't tell anyone.
你必须保密,你不可以告诉任何人。(mustn't表示“禁止”)
You don't have to tell me the secret.你不必告诉我这个秘密。 (don't have to意思是“没有必要”= don't need to)
4.must用于表示推测,它的肯定程度比may, might, could大得多,一般只用于肯定句。
must do (这里的do通常是状态动词或系动词),表示对现在状态的推测。
He must be very lazy for his desk is very untidy.
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