(2)which,that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 (3)关系代词that和which的用法区别 ①which可以引导非限制性定语从句,而that不可以;which可以用在“介词+关系代词”结构中,而that不可以;当先行词是that, those时,引导词要用which。 This is the teaching building, in front of which stands a tree. 这是教学楼,楼前面长着一棵树。 I have that which you gave me. 我有你给我的那个。 ②在下面的几种情况下,只能用that,不能用which。 a.先行词指物,且为不定代词如all, anything, everything, much, nothing, none, something等时,引导词只能用that,不能用which。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 我可以帮你什么忙吗? b.先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that,不能用which。 The famous writer and his book that you referred to just now are wellknown now. 你刚才提到的那位著名作家和他的书现在非常有名。 c.先行词被最高级修饰时,只能用that,不能用which。 This is the worst way that we can use to deal with the problem. 这是我们解决这个问题所能采用的最差的方法。 d.先行词被序数词修饰时,只能用that,不能用which。 He was the first person that passed the driving test. 他是第一个通过驾照考试的人。 e.先行词被the only, the very, every, each, all, no, such, some, few, any等词修饰时,只能用that。 She is the only person that understands me. 她是唯一理解我的人。 3.关系副词when, where, why的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。具体用法如下:when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语;where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语;why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。 解答这类题目时考生往往不注意判断先行词在从句中所作的成分,而是主观臆断,看见时间名词就选when,看见地点名词就选where,这样做是不正确的。先行词是时间名词或地点名词时,如果在从句中不作状语,则不能用when或where引导定语从句,而要用which/that。 I still remember the day which/that we spent together in the city. 我仍然记得我们一起在那座城市度过的那一天。(这里which/that指代the day作spent的宾语) 当先行词是situation, point, case, stage等表示某种情景、状况的词时,常用where或in which引导定语从句。 Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word? 你能想象一个能使用这个词的情景吗? 考点四十九 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 【真题再现】 1.(2010·江苏)The newlybuilt cafe, the walls of ________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. A. that
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