2017届高考英语一轮复习课件：Module5 Unit 1《Getting along with others》（2）（译林版湖南专用）_高考复习指南

2017届高考英语一轮复习课件：Module5 Unit 1《Getting along with others》（2）（译林版湖南专用）

　　D. As 1. D　saying nothing about the argument作状语。 1. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______ nothing about the argument.(2011·全国大纲卷)

　　A. says

　　B. said

　　C. to say

　　D. saying 2. B　So what? 那又会怎么样？ 2. — Her father is very rich.

　　— ______ She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered.(2010·山东)

　　A. What for?

　　B. So what?

　　C. No doubt.

　　D. No wonder. 3. B　would rather 后接从句表示对现在或将来的虚拟时，应用一般过去时。 3. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he ______ more on its culture.(2010·江苏)

　　A. focus

　　B. focused

　　C. would focus

　　D. had focused 不定式不定式有两种形式：一是带to的不定式；二是不带to的不定式，即所谓的动词原形。不定式的动词性质表现在：可有时态和语态的变化，可有自己的宾语和状语并与其组成不定式短语。主动语态被动语态一般时 to do to be done 进行时 to be doing 完成时 to have done to have been done 1．不定式的句法功能： (1)作主语，或在形式主语结构中作真正的主语。 It's been lucky to meet you. 能遇到你是一种幸运。 (2)作表语。 The important thing is to save lives. 救人要紧。 (3)作宾语，或在形式宾语结构中作真正的宾语。 I thought it wrong to do this thing. 我认为做这件事是错的。 (4)作定语，通常置于其所修饰的名词或代词之后，与其所修饰的名词或代词可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾关系。 I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。 (5)作同位语。 They had received instructions to watch him. 他们收到了监视他的命令。 (6)作状语，其逻辑主语通常是全句的主语。 We must do everything to help them. 我们要尽一切力量帮助他们。 (7)作宾语补足语，宾语与用作补足语的不定式构成复合宾语，二者在逻辑上是主谓关系。 We believe her to be innocent. 我们相信她无罪。 (8)作独立成分。 To tell the truth, it wasted time to see that film. 说实在的，看那样的电影真是浪费时间。 2．当不定式的动作执行者与句子的主语不一致时，不定式前要加一个名词或代词作不定式的逻辑主语，该名词或代词常由介词for引导。“for＋名词或代词＋不定式”称为不定式复合结构，在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语等。 She is an example for us to follow. 她是我们学习的榜样。 3．疑问词who, what, which, when, where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语，它在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。 When to start has not been decided. 何时动身尚未决定。 4．不定式的语态 (1)不定式的一般时所表示的动作和状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的同时或以后。 Mother believes her son to be excellent. 母亲相信儿子是优秀的。 (2)不定式的进行时所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生。 They seem to be getting along well. 他们似乎相处得很好。 (3)不定式的完成时所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态以前。 They concluded him to have been dead. 他们断定他已死亡。 (4)当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动式。不定式的被动式在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语或补语等。 To be followed was natural to Tom. 汤姆生性要别人听命于他。 (5)“be＋过去分词＋不定式的被动式”可构成双重被动式。常用于双重被动式的动词有allow，announce，ask，attempt，believe，desire，enable，expect，intend，know，leave，mean, order, permit, report, say等。 The books are not allowed to be taken out of the office. 不许将书带出办公室。 5．不定式省略to的几种情况 (1)在助动词或情态动词后接不带to的不定式。 Must I finish the job today? 我今天必须完成这项工作吗？ (2)在had better, had best, would rather, would sooner, rather than等结构后接不带to的不定式。 We had better treat it as a joke. 我们最好把它当作玩笑。 (3)当主语从句中或修饰主语的定语从句中有do时，其表语如果是不定式，常省去to。 The only thing he could do was wait patiently. 他唯一能做的事就是耐心等待。 (4)在介词but, except之前如有动词do，其后的不定式不用to；其前如无动词do，其后的不定式则一般带to。 She can do everything except cook. 除了不会做饭她什么都能做。 (5)动词原形go与come等在口语中可接不带to的不定式。 Come and read this book! 过来读一下这本书！ (6)为了避免重复而省去to。但两个不定式若有对照或对比之意，则不可省去to。 Teacher came not to scold, but to praise you. 老师不是来骂你而是来夸你的。 (7)疑问词why引导的省略句中的不定式，在当代英语中一般须省去to。 Why not try again? 为什么不再试试呢？ (8)在let, make, have等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。 My mother wouldn't let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。 (9)在感觉动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。 I watched her get into the car. 我看着她上了车。 (10)在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可以不带to。 Can I help (to) carry this heavy box? 我可以帮忙扛这个重箱子吗？高考湖南卷的单选题中动词不定式必考，每年一题，总计1分。 1．只能后接不定式的动词和短语归纳： ask, demand(要求), plan, intend, mean(计划), manage, do / try one's best, make an attempt(努力), learn(学习), hope, desire, expect, long, want, would like, would prefer, wish(希望、愿意), agree, promise(同意), decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up one's mind(决定), offer(主动提出), apply(申请), help(帮助), fail(不能、没有), prepare(准备), pretend(假装), refuse(拒绝), happen(碰巧), afford(负担得起)等。