(5)在动词 hope,take care that,make sure that等后。例如: I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. (6)用情态动词表示将来。例如: May I come too? 四、现在进行时与过去进行时 1.基本用法 (1)现在进行时表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。例: I don't really work here;I am just helping out until the secretary arrives. Mr Green is writing another novel.(说话时可能并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) (2)过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作发生时正在发生的动作。例如: I don't think Jim saw me;he was just staring into space. —Why did you forget the time? —Oh, sorry.I was watering the flowers.
2.其他用法 (1)表示动作起止、状态转变的动词,如:go,come,arrive,set out,start off,take off (起飞),它们的进行时可表示将来。例如: The plane is taking off at six. (2)瞬间动词的进行时可表示: 即将:The wounded soldier is dying. 反复:Someone is knocking at the door. 逐渐:The house is falling down.(表示动作的徐徐发生) 比较:The house falls down.(表示突然的瞬间动作)
(3)与 always,constantly,frequently,continually,forever,all the time 等连用,表示赞叹、赞扬、厌恶、不满等情感。例如: He is always thinking of others. You are always asking such silly questions. 3.进行时的特点 进行时表示一个动作的进行过程,因此,它常常暗示动作的未完成性。例如: He was writing a letter yesterday evening.(不一定写完) 比较:He wrote a letter yesterday evening.(已写完) 特别提醒:由于进行时强调动作的过程,故常与持续性动词连用,而不和 accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse等瞬间动词连用。 4.不能用于进行时的动词 (1)表示事实状态的动词:be,seem,appear (似乎),cost,owe,exist,include,matter,weigh,measure,continue 等。 特别提醒:be 一般不能用于进行时,如我们不能说:He is being all.或:The wall is being white.但我们可以说:He is being kind.因为 kind 是一种人们的意志可以控制的外部行为的特征,这类形容词叫“动态形容词”,而 tall,white 这类形容词叫“静态形容词”。再请看下面的例子: He is a fool.(他本质上是个傻子) He is being a fool.(此刻他显得很傻) 常见的动态形容词有:friendly,good,careful,happy 等。 (2)有关所属关系的动词:belong to,consist of(包括),contain(包含),have,hold,possess,own等。 但在类似 have a lesson,hold a meeting 这样的短语中,have 和 hold 已不表所属关系,而表示从事一项活动,因此,可以用于进行时。
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