(3)定语从句简化为分词短语 一般情况下,在定语从句中,如果谓语动词是主动语态,从句转化为现在分词短语;如果谓语动词是被动语态,则从句转化为过去分词短语。 例句:The girl who is reading English aloud is my younger sister. →The girl reading English aloud is my younger sister. 大声朗读英语的是我妹妹。 I have heard the report which was made by Professor Li. →I have heard the report made by Professor Li. 我听了李教授所作的报告。 注意:并非所有的定语从句都能简化,以下情况都不能简化。 知识要点 ①定语从句的谓语动词是现在完成时的主动语态。 例句:The man who has finished the work is Jack. 完成工作的那个人是杰克。 不能变为: The man having finished the work is Jack. ②定语从句中的谓语动词含有情态动词。 The professor who can speak Japanese is from Japan. 会说日语的教授来自日本。 不能变为: The professor speaking Japanese is from Japan. 知识要点 ③定语从句的谓语动词是一般过去时的主动语态。 The man who gave us a talk was his father. 给我们作报告的那个人是他父亲。 不能变为: The man giving us a talk was his father. (因为现在分词giving表示动作正在进行) 知识要点
(4)定语从句简化为不定式短语 如果定语从句中的谓语是一般将来时或先行词前有序数词或last,only等修饰语时,该从句往往简化为不定式结构。 Mary is the only person that can save me from danger. →Mary is the only person to save me from danger. 玛丽是唯一一个从危难中解救我的人。 知识要点
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