高考英语一轮复习精品课件《Module 1 Europe》（外研版必修3）_高考复习指南

高考英语一轮复习精品课件《Module 1 Europe》（外研版必修3）

　　________ of the Pacific Ocean ________ Canada. A.The east;lies B.East;lies C.To the east;does lie D.On the east;does lie 【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的east置于句首时，句子用倒装语序。句意为：太平洋在加拿大的东边。【答案】B 知识要点要点四

　　语法 1.现在时与过去时的被动语态 (1)一般现在时的被动语态构成形式：am/is/are+p.p.（过去分词）例句：Rice is grown in the south of the state. 该州南部种水稻。 (2)一般过去时的被动语态构成形式：was/were+p.p.（过去分词）例句：The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. 上月他们在建一个新的汽车工厂这件事上达成一致协议。知识要点（3)被动语态的用法 ①不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。例句：The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。 ②当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导，置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。例句：The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。

　　知识要点 ③当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。例句：The window was blown open by wind. 窗户被风吹开了。 ④表示客观的说明，常用“It is+过去分词”句型。例句：It is said that Lucy has gone abroad. 据说露茜已经出国了。知识要点【链接训练】 ①The number of deaths from traffic accidents will be reduced greatly if people ________ to obey the rules. A.persuade B.will persuade C.be persuaded D.are persuaded 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句子意思及结构分析，应该是说服人们而不是人们说服他人，因此用被动语态；又本题属于真实条件句，不是虚拟语气，故排除C项,答案为D。【答案】D 知识要点 ②It is said that the pen ________, so I bought one yesterday. A.writes well B.writes good C.is well written D.is good written 【解析】考查动词的主动语态表示被动含义。根据词性可以判断，write不是系动词，不能与形容词连用，故排除B、D项；选项C是对主语的评价，说明主语做得怎么样，而选项A说明主语“钢笔”的内在性质，根据句意可知选A。【答案】A 知识要点 ③Officials say that few patients ________ with the virus owing to the effective prevention. A.infected B.are infected C.have infected D.be infected 【解析】few patients与infect之间存在被动关系，所以要用被动语态，故选B。【答案】B 知识要点 ④The flowers were so lovely that they _________ in no time. A.sold B.had been sold C.were sold D.would sell 【解析】根据所提供的情景“The flowers were so lovely”，可判断出要用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。再根据the flowers与sell之间的关系确定用被动语态，表示“很快就卖完了”，故选C。【答案】C 知识要点 ⑤Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _________ the Pacific,and we met no storms. A.was called B.is called C.had been called D.has been called 【解析】虽然去航海发生在过去，但是，海的名称不会随时间变化，所以要用一般现在时，故选B。【答案】B 知识要点 2.主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化的一致，即句中谓语的变化形式要根据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。（1）有些集体名词，如crowd，family，team，orchestra （管弦乐队），group，government, committee，class，school，union，firm，staff，public等，它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时，动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语用复数形式。例句：His family is going to move.他们家要搬家。 His family are very well. 他们家每个人都身体健康。知识要点（2）有些表示总称意义的名词，形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式，如people，police，militia，cattle，poultry （家禽）等。例句：It was common that cattle were allowed to graze on the village.在乡村放牛很常见。（3）单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both...and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。知识要点例句：Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。 Both you and I are students.你和我都是学生。注意：(1)在what引导的主语从句中，如果表语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。例句：What mother bought are some books. 母亲买的是一些书。知识要点 (2)修饰语对主语的数没有影响。例句：The performance of the first three clowns was very funny.前三个小丑的表演很滑稽。 (3)and所连接的两个词如指同一主体时，谓语则用单数形式，否则，谓语用复数。例句：A singer and dancer was present at the party today.一位歌舞演员出席了今天的派对。 A singer and a dancer were present at the party today.一位歌唱家和一位舞者出席了今天的派对。知识要点（4）有些代词只能指单数可数名词，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是复数，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either，neither，each one，the other，another，somebody，someone，something，anyone，anything，anybody，everyone，everything，everybody，no one，nothing，nobody等。例句：Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。知识要点（5）none接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词为单数；接可数名词复数时，谓语单复数均可。例句：None of us seem/seems worried. 我们没有一个人显得忧虑。（6）两个主语用or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，not...but...连接起来，谓语与靠近的主语的数一致。例句：You or I am wrong.你或者我是错的。（7）在There be...句型中，如果有两个以上的并列主语，谓语往往与第一个主语一致。例句：There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌子上有两支钢笔和一本书。知识要点（8）一个主语后面跟有with...，together with...，as well as...，like...，but...，except...引导的短语时，谓语不受这些短语的影响，仍与前面的主语一致。例句：John，together with his wife，was at the party. 约翰和他的妻子出现在晚会上。 Nothing but two tables was seen in the room. 房间里除了两张桌子什么都看不到。知识要点（9）由quantities of...或amounts of...+名词构成的主语，谓语动词用复数。例句：Large quantities of food were wasted. 大量的食物被浪费掉了。（10）在each...and each,every...and every,no...and no,many a...and many a等由and连接并列单数主语的结构中，谓语动词用单数。例句：Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 No sound and no voice is heard for a long while.很长时间没有听到一点儿声音。 Many a boy and many a girl likes it. 许多男孩和许多女孩都喜欢这个。知识要点【链接训练】 ①The blues ________ finally gotten me today.I really have the blues today. A.have B.has C.are D.is 【解析】句意为：忧郁的情结今天最终还是降临到我心头。我今天情绪确实有些不好。blues形式虽为复数，但意义上是单数。D项时态不正确，选B。【答案】B 知识要点 ②Every means _________ tried to carry out the experiment but without any result. A.have been B.is to be C.are to be D.has been 【解析】means （方法），works （作品）等名词形式上是复数，但实际为单复数同形的名词。means前有every修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式，又every means与try之间是被动关系，且根据句意要用现在完成时，故选择D项现在完成时的被动语态。【答案】D 知识要点 ③The father as well as his children ________ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going 【解析】这个句子的主语是The father，所以其谓语动词要用单数形式；再根据时间状语every Sunday afternoon in winter可判断出要用一般现在时，表示经常性的动作。as well as his children在句中作状语，不作主语。【答案】C 知识要点 ④A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A.is B.are C.was D.were 【解析】考查主谓一致。由时间状语 tomorrow afternoon可知C、D项时态不对；现在进行时可以表示将来按计划或安排发生的动作；a poet and artist 表示同一个人，所以其谓语动词要用单数形式，而 a poet and an artist才表示两个人，故选A项。【答案】A 知识要点 ⑤Mr Alcott told me that four fifths of the houses ________. A.have been sold out B.had been sold out C.were sold out D.was sold out 【解析】句意为：奥尔科特先生告诉我五分之四的房子已经售出。根据句意用完成时态的被动语态，又因为主句中的谓语动词为过去时，所以宾语从句应用过去完成时。【答案】B 必修3 Module 1