知识要点 要点三
句型 1. (1)They say that...他们说…… (2)Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为人之所以与动物不同是因为人是好的、善良的。 (3)He believed that people were more important than rulers, ... 他认为人民比统治者更重要…… (4)Mozi believed that all men were equal. 墨子认为人人平等。 知识要点 归纳拓展 以上各句中,主语都是“人”,谓语部分都是表示人的思维的动词。宾语都是宾语从句的形式,即sb.+v.+that句型。这个句型用来表示“某个(些)人说(认为/相信/希望……)什么或怎么样”,常见的谓语动词有say,think,consider,hope,report...。 这个句型可以转换为It is/was+p.p.+that从句或sb./sth.be+p.p.+to do/to have+p.p.。 例句:People hope that more milu deer will be set free one day. →It is hoped that more milu deer will be set free one day. →More milu deer are hoped to be set free one day. 人们希望有一天有更多的麋鹿被放归自然。 知识要点 ①believe后是that引导的宾语从句,从句中使用the reason why...is that...句式,其中why引导的是定语从句,that引导的是表语从句。 ②reason用作定语从句先行词时,首先判断reason在定语从句中作什么成分,如果作状语,则要使用关系副词why引导定语从句,而且why有时可省略;如作主语或宾语,则使用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。 例句:The only reason I went was that I wanted to meet your friends. 我去的唯一的理由是想见见你的朋友们。 We’d like to know the reason why she didn’t accept the job. 我们希望知道她为什么不接受这份工作。 知识要点 【链接训练】 The bird flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A.causing B.being caused C.to be caused D.to have caused 【解析】在句型It is believed that the bird flu is caused...中,主语从句的主语变成句子的主语之后,其谓语动词变成相应的不定式(短语),故答案为C。 【答案】C 知识要点 2. Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 己所不欲,勿施于人。 归纳拓展 (1)当先行词是 way (意为“方式,方法”)时,且在定语从句中作状语时,可用in which或that引导定语从句,也可省略关系词。 例句:I don’t understand the way (in which/that) they worked out the problem. 我不理解他们计算这道题的方法。 (2)当 the way 后面的定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,考生应用正常的思维方式来解决问题。 知识要点 例句:The way (that/which) he explained to us was quite simple. 他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。 此复合句的从句中缺少宾语成分,故用which或that引导定语从句,而不应用 in which。 (3)当先行词为 time 时,time 若作“次数”讲,用 that (可省略)引导;time 若作“一段时间”讲,用 when或at/during which引导。 例句:This was a time when/during which there were no radios,no telephones or TV sets. 在那个时代,没有收音机、电话,也没有电视机。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①I don’t like the way _______ you speak to her. A.不填 B.in that C.which D.of which 【解析】考查定语从句中先行词为the way时引导词的用法。此题中the way在定语从句中作状语,其后的引导词可用that/in which/省略三种形式,四个选项中只有A项符合题意。此句句意为:我不喜欢你同她讲话的方式。 【答案】A 知识要点 ②The wayhe worked out the problem isn’t the way ________ I told him. A./; / B.which; which C./; what D.that; what 【解析】句意为:他解决那个问题的方式不是我告诉他的那种方式。第一个the way在定语从句中作状语,其后的引导词可用that/in which/省略三种形式;第二个the way在定语从句中作宾语,可用that/which/省略三种形式。故选A。 【答案】A 知识要点 要点四
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