C．respond

　　D．wave

　　11．A.changed

　　B．worked

　　C．won

　　D．lasted

　　12．A.design

　　B．style

　　C．sense

　　D．attitude

　　B

　　You have probably heard about the threat the carbon dioxide poses to the environment.But you may not have heard about the biggest threat __13__ the Himalayan：soot(黑烟)clouds.These soot clouds contain __14__ is known as “black carbon”，__15__ comes from wood fires.The soot is settling on the glaciers(冰川)，absorbing sunlight and causing the ice to melt at a faster __16__.　

　　“This is a huge problem which we are ignoring，”Syed Hasnain of the Energy and Resources Institute in Delhi，India，told the Guardian.About 30 percent of the world’s black carbon __17__ from China and India，but until recently not even the UN officially recognized it __18__ an environmental threat.This month，the UN environment program has called for reduction in black carbon output.The solution for cutting black carbon emissions is very __19__：Simply replace the old wood stoves used by many people in the Himalayan region.That would go a long way toward __20__ soot from settling on the “world’s roof”—one of Earth’s most precious treasures.

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language，mainly in the United States，Canada，Great Britain，Ireland，South Africa，Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas，there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

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