Music produces significant and lasting changes in the brain. Schools should add music classes, not cut them. Nearly 20 years ago, a small study advanced the ___1___ that listening to Mozart’s Sonata(奏鸣曲)could boost mental functioning. It was not long ___2___ trademarked “Mozart effect” products began to ___3___ anxious parents aiming to put toddlers(刚学步的孩子)on the fast track to top-ranking universities like Harvard and Yale. Georgia’s governor even ___4___ giving every newborn there a classical CD or cassette.

　　The ___5___ for Mozart therapy turned out to be weak, perhaps nonexistent, although the ___6___ study never claimed anything more than a temporary and limited effect. In recent years, ___7___, scientists have examined the benefits of a continuous ___8___ to study and practice music, in contrast to playing a Mozart CD or a computer-based “brain fitness” game ___9___.

　　Advanced monitoring ___10___ have/has enabled scientists to see what happens inside your head when you listen to your mother and actually practice the violin for an hour every afternoon. And they have found that music

　　___11___ can produce significant and lasting changes that ___12___ the general ability to learn. These results should ___13___ public officials that music classes are not a mere decoration, ready for being given up in the budget crises that constantly ___14___ public schools.

　　Studies have shown that ___15___ instrument training from an early age can help the brain to ___16___ sounds better, making it ___17___ to stay focused when absorbing other subjects, from literature to mathematics. The musically experienced are better able to ___18___ a biology lesson despite the noise in the classroom ___19___, a few years later, to finish a call with a client when a colleague in the next office starts screaming a subordinate(下属). They can be engaged in several things at once, which is a(n) ___20___ skill in this era of multitasking.

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