A B 8.The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of . A.a radio factory B.the media capital C.a radio station D.a TV station 解析:细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句可知,希尔维苏姆传媒业的兴起要追溯到1920年建立的无线电厂。故选A项。 答案:A 9.What is known about W.M.Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall? A.It consists of approximately 75 buildings. B.It looks like an open air museum in the city. C.It is a classic example in architecture textbooks. D.It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum. 解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知,它享有国际声誉,被收录在多本建筑教材里,是建筑界的一个典范。故选C项。 答案:C A B 专题七 史地常识类 【典例示范】 A B A (2015湖南卷,B篇) In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,making the streets so muddy that people,horses,and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this:A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help,he replies,“No,thanks.I’ve got a good horse under me.” The city planners decided to build an underground drainage(排水) system,but there simply wasn’t enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city. A B An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city’s streets by as much as 12 feet. This of course created a new problem:dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice:either change the first floors of their buildings into basements,and the second stories into main floors,or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large,heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel,which was a six-story brick building? A B That’s where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel,Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building’s foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman’s signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time,thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly,the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation,and many of its guests didn’t even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.But in Chicago’s early history,every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago’s waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River,the city’s next step was to clean the polluted river. 【语篇导读】本文为说明文。芝加哥早期经常发生洪水,导致道路特别泥泞。因此,城市规划者采取了一些解决办法。 A B 1.The author mentions the joke to show . A.horses were fairly useful in Chicago B.Chicago’s streets were extremely muddy C.Chicago was very dangerous in the spring D.the Chicago people were particularly humorous 解析:细节理解题。由第一段可知,芝加哥经常发生洪水,尤其是在春天,这使得道路特别泥泞,马车也往往被困其中。作者提及这个笑话就是为了说明芝加哥的道路极其泥泞。 答案:B A B 2.The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to . A.get rid of the street dirt B.lower the Chicago River C.fight against heavy floods D.build the pipes above ground 解析:细节理解题。由第三段可知,埃利斯·切斯布罗格工程师建议将排水管道建在路面之上,再用泥土覆盖。 答案:D A B 3.The underlined word “hoist” in Paragraph 4 means “ ”. A.changeB.lift C.repair
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