(四)使用被动语态须注意的问题 注意事项 例 句 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才有被动语态,不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态,常见不及物动词和不及物动词短语有: appear,die,disappear,end (vi.结束),fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,break out,come true,fall asleep,keep silent,lose heart,take place等。
The price has been risen.(×)The price has risen.(√)The price has raised.(×) The price has been raised.(√)The accident was happened last week.(×)
The accident happened last week.(√)Please seat.(×)
Please be seated.(√)This room is belonged to me.(×)This room belongs to me.(√) 注意事项 例 句 表示状态的及物动词,如have,cost,fit,last,own,hold,become等往往不能用于被动语态。
The shirt fits him very well.(√) He is fitted very well by the shirt.(×)
反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被动语态。
You must
look after yourself.(√) Yourself
must be looked after.(×) 注意事项 例 句 短语动词作为一个整体转换为被动语态时,后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。
All the rubbish should be got rid of. The Child will be taken of by my mother. Such a thing has never been heard of before. 动词(read / write / sell / wash / clean / wear / open / eat / lock/...)+ 副词(well / badly / easily / smoothly /...)表示主语的属性特征时,用主动形式表被动含义。
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