2017届高考英语一轮复习语法专题提分考点课件：5 非谓语动词_高考复习指南

2017届高考英语一轮复习语法专题提分考点课件：5 非谓语动词

　　4．(2015·新课标卷Ⅱ)The “walls” are now cold enough ________ (cool) the house. 解析：本句符合“be＋adj.＋enough＋to do”结构，不定式作结果状语。 5．(2017·新课标卷Ⅱ)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ______________ (disappoint)．解析：考查过去分词。过去分词转换的形容词常常用来形容人或者与人有关的事物。本句的主语是some of them，所以使用过去分词转换的形容词作表语。 to cool

　　disappointed

　　6．(2017·新课标卷Ⅰ)It took years of work __________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 解析：句意：要用多年的工作才能减少工业污染并净化河流。在It takes time to do sth.句式中，it为形式主语，指代后面真正的主语to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water。 7．(2017·新课标卷Ⅱ)I heard a passenger behind me shouted to the driver, but he refused ________ (stop) until we reached the next stop. 解析：句意：司机拒绝停车直到下一个车站。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。 8．(2017·辽宁卷)Keep ____________ (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. 解析：keep doing sth.“继续做某事”。keep后接动名词作宾语。 to reduce

　　to stop

　　holding

　　在语法填空题中，若句中已有谓语动词，且所给动词也不是作并列谓语时，要填的词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v.－ing形式，v.－ed形式还是不定式。确定的方法主要有： 1．作主语或宾语，通常用v.－ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。 2．作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。 3．作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v.－ing)，若是被动关系，用过去分词(v.－ed)。 1．(2015·新课标卷Ⅱ短文改错)After looks at the toys for some time, he turned around. 答案与解析：looks→looking　after是介词，后接动名词。 2．(2015·陕西卷短文改错)I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits. 答案与解析：just后加to　本句已有谓语might have to retire，故应用不定式to get表目的。 3．(2015·四川卷短文改错)We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. 答案与解析：sing→singing　spend some time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”，故将sing改为singing。 4．(2015·浙江卷短文改错)I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. 答案与解析：sit→sitting　enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，故将sit改为sitting。 5．(2017·辽宁卷短文改错)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. 答案与解析：understanding→understand　it is difficult to do sth.“做某事很困难”是固定句式。 6．My father wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. 答案与解析：wanted后加to　want to do sth.“想要做某事”，故加to。 7．One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. 答案与解析：have→having　分析句子结构可知，have与句子主语为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作伴随状语，故将have改为having。 8．Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers.(2处错误) 答案与解析：asking→asked; 去掉第2个to　ask为谓语，故将asking改为asked, let sb. do sth.为固定用法，故去掉her后面的to。短文改错常设误点： 1．不定式符号to的多余与缺失 ①感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后面用不带to的不定式作宾补。 ②want, decide, plan等动词后应接带to的不定式作宾语。 2．谓语动词与非谓语动词的错用句中已有谓语动词，且另一动词不作并列谓语，则只能用非谓语动词。 3．过去分词与现在分词的错用 ①区分过去分词与现在分词的意义。 ②现在分词转化成的形容词，表“令人……的”，常修饰物；过去分词转化成的形容词表“感到……的”，常修饰人。 4．对to是介词还是不定式符号的误判 ①不定式符号to后接动词原形。 ②含有介词to的短语，如look forward to, add to后接动名词形式。