A．a sense of national pride

　　B．relevant academic knowledge

　　C．a desire to achieve success

　　D．enthusiasm for scientific research

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，一个人无论什么背景、来自何处，只要专心于科学研究，就有可能成为一名科学家，故选D。

　　3．In writing the passage, the author intends to________.

　　A．inform readers of the news and make comments

　　B．discourage the pursuit of instant success in science

　　C．remind readers of the principles of scientific research

　　D．praise the award winner and encourage scientific research

　　解析：选A　写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者首先告知大家屠呦呦获奖的消息，然后对此进行评论，故选A。

　　B

　　(2016·石家庄高三教学质检二)Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart. They will in a lifetime, push the chrome­plated_contraptions many miles. But few will know — or even think to ask — who it was that invented them.

　　Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

　　One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

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