教师用书

　　Module 1　Life in the Future

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.alternative adj.替换的；供选择的

　　2.limit n.

　　(常作复数)范围

　　3.command n.

　　命令；指令

　　4.charge n.

　　费用；价钱

　　5.switch n.

　　开关

　　vi.

　　交换；调换

　　6.softball n.

　　垒球(运动)

　　7.shape vt.

　　造成……形状

　　8.crime n．罪；罪行→criminal n．罪犯；犯人

　　9.risky adj.危险的；冒险的→risk vt.& n．冒险

　　10.rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可依靠的；可依赖的

　　11.load vt.装；装载→unload v．卸载→download vt.下载

　　12.disability n．失去能力；残疾→disable vt.使人丧失能力；使残疾→disabled adj.残疾的；残废的

　　13.attach vt.系；贴；连接→attachment n．附件

　　14.optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的→optimism n．乐观主义

　　15.definitely adv.无疑地；确定地→definite adj.肯定的；确定的

　　16.predict vt.预言；预料→prediction n．预测 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.They predicted that there would be an earthquake, but their prediction didn't come true.(predict)

　　2.The little boy tried to save his sister from the river at the risk of his own life, which is quite risky.(risky)

　　3.Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help so your software must be reliable.(rely)

　　4.It is bad manners to laugh at disabled people. Most of us may end up in disability one day.(disable)

　　5.As a criminal,_the boy who was charged with the crime had shown criminal tendencies since early adolescence.(crime)

　　6.Mary is an optimistic girl and she believes optimism can create miracles (奇迹)．(optimistic)

　　7.I definitely remember sending the letter and I'm definite about this.(definite) 1.“乐观，悲观”词汇全接触

　　①optimistic adj.　乐观的

　　②optimism n.

　　乐观主义

　　③optimist n.

　　乐观主义者

　　④pessimistic adj.

　　悲观的

　　⑤pessimism n.

　　悲观主义

　　⑥pessimist n.

　　悲观主义者

　　2.“球类”大全

　　①softball

　　垒球

　　②bowling

　　保龄球

　　③basketball

　　篮球

　　④volleyball

　　排球

　　⑤football

　　足球

　　⑥tennis

　　网球

　　⑦badminton

　　羽毛球

　　⑧baseball

　　棒球

　　3.前缀pre­高频词一览

　　①predict v.

　　预言；预料

　　②predetermined adj.

　　预先决定的

　　③prejudge v.

　　预先判断

　　④pre­war adj.

　　战前的

　　⑤pre­school adj.

　　学龄前的

　　⑥prehistory n.

　　史前时期

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.for_sure　肯定地

　　2.run_out

　　(某物)用完；

　　不多了；没有了

　　3.rely_on

　　依靠

　　4.get_rid_of

　　除掉；处理掉

　　5.place_an_order/orders

　　订购

　　6.free_of_charge

　　免费

　　7.use_up

　　用完

　　8.look_out

　　小心；当心

　　9.for_a_start

　　首先

　　10.on_the_way_out

　　即将被淘汰；

　　即将过时 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.Hurry up. Our time is running_out.

　　2.No one knows for_sure when advertising first started.

　　3.If you don't look_out,_you may fall on the ice.

　　4.You can't just rely_on your parents lending you the money.

　　5.The young man made up his mind to get_rid_of his bad habits.

　　6.Making soup is a good way of using_up leftover vegetables. 1.“当心”短语全扫描

　　①look out当心，注意

　　watch out

　　小心，提防

　　take care

　　注意，小心

　　be careful

　　小心

　　2.way相关短语大观园

　　on the way out

　　即将被淘汰

　　on the way

　　在路上

　　in the way

　　阻挡

　　in a way

　　在某种程度上

　　in any way

　　无论如何

　　in no way

　　绝不

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live. 每个人在出生时都会被给予一个电话号码，将来无论他们居住在哪儿，这个电话号码都不会改变。 no matter where 引导让步状语从句。 无论你在哪里工作，你都能找到时间学习。No_matter_where_you_work,_you can always find time to study.

　　2.I'm too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future！我现在忙于享受生活，而无暇为未来担忧！ too ... to do sth.“太……而不能做某事”。 他年龄太小，还不懂得生活的艰辛。He is still too_young_to_know the hardship of life.

　　3.Not all predictions come true.

　　并不是所有的预言都会成为现实。 not all 表示部分否定。 并非每个人都有原谅别人的美德。Not_everybody/everyone has the goodness to forgive.

　　1．command n．命令；指令；掌握；指挥；控制v.命令；指挥

　　[教材原句]　In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.

　　将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，并且商品目录可以用语音指令下订单。

　　(1)in command of指挥；控制

　　in/under the command of

　　由……指挥；由……控制

　　take command of

　　控制；担任……的指挥

　　have a good command of

　　很好地掌握，精通

　　(2)command sb.to do sth.

　　命令某人做某事

　　command that ...(should) do ...

　　命令……

　　①Nobody can take_command_of the situation where everything is in a mess.

　　没有人能控制混乱局势。

　　②The director commanded that everyone (should)_follow (follow) his advice.

　　主任命令所有人都要听从他的建议。

　　2．charge n．费用；价钱；主管；负责vt.收费；控诉；充电

　　[教材原句]　All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.

　　所有的娱乐形式，例如，电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等，都将由城市免费提供。

　　(1)take charge of　掌管/负责……

　　in charge of

　　控制/管理……

　　in/under the charge of

　　受……的管理

　　free of charge ＝ for free

　　免费

　　(2)charge sb.for sth.

　　为某物向某人收取费用

　　charge sb.with (doing) sth./accuse sb. of (doing) sth.

　　控告某人(做)某事

　　①He was left in_charge_of the shop while the manager was away.

　　经理不在时，他负责这个店。

　　②Thirdly, I wonder how much you will charge_us_for the six­week course.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)

　　第三，我想知道六周的课程你们收我们多少钱。

　　③Your order will be sent free_of_charge.

　　你订的货物将免费运送。

　　3．attach v．系；贴；连接；使附属；使隶属

　　[教材原句]　Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high­tech cameras attached to their head.

　　老年人和身体有残疾的人通过使用系在头上的高科技照相机就能周游世界。

　　attach sth. to sth.把某物系/贴到某物上

　　attach oneself to sb./sth.

　　依附于某人；参加某事

　　attach importance/significance to

　　认为……重要/有意义

　　be attached to

　　依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于

　　①You are required to attach an introduction to your innovation so that others can know how to use it.(2017·辽宁高考满分作文)

　　要求你们对自己的创意作品附上说明，以便其他人能够知道如何使用。

　　②Just as this sentence reveals, many of us teenagers attach_much_more_importance_to our phones than to our friends.(2017·重庆高考满分作文)

　　正像这句话所揭示的那样，我们很多年轻人重视手机远远超过了重视朋友。

　　4．shape vt.造成……形状；塑造n.形状；体形

　　[高考佳句]　Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push­ups too to stay in shape.(2017·江苏高考单选)

　　汤姆总是在早晨慢跑，他通常也做俯卧撑来保持体形。

　　(1)shape ... into ...　把……加工/塑造成……

　　(2)be in good/bad shape

　　情况良好/不佳；

　　健康良好/不佳

　　out of shape

　　变/走样；不成样子；

　　身体不舒服，生病

　　in the shape of

　　某种形状的，呈……的形状

　　①They look really beautiful in_the_shape_of a diamond, about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)

　　它们看上去真的很美，呈钻石状，大约5英寸长4英寸宽。

　　②You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out_of_shape.

　　你一直坐在我的帽子上，现在它已严重变形了。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．Do you think she'll notice if I switch my glass with hers?

　　2．He rescued a child out of the fire at the risk of his own life.

　　3．Your order will be delivered free of charge within a ten­mile limit.

　　4．If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight, he has no alternative but to_go (go) by air.

　　5．Some students complain that they are loaded with too much homework.

　　6．Look! The front part of the car is now totally out of shape due to the crash.

　　7．The boss commanded that his workers (should)_not_leave (not leave) their office before dark.

　　8．It's hard for us to_make_predictions (作出预测) about the future.

　　9．You can_definitely_save_a_lot_of_money (无疑能省很多钱) by buying a cheaper one instead.

　　10．The man was_arrested_by_the_police (被警察逮捕了) because he stole a car yesterday.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．charge面面观

　　(1)完成句子

　　①一杯咖啡他们向我要价5美元。

　　They charged_me_five_dollars_for a cup of coffee.

　　②昨晚他们逮捕的那个人被指控犯有谋杀罪。

　　The man they arrested last night had_been_charged_with murder.

　　③在这座城市里所有的病人都接受免费治疗。

　　All the patients are being treated free_of_charge in this city.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④An experienced engineer takes charge of the project.

　　→An experienced engineer is in charge of the project.

　　→The project is in/under the charge of an experienced engineer.

　　2．attach多棱镜

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①She attached a stamp to the envelope and mailed it.

　　②My brother is studying in the school attached (attach) to the college nearby.

　　(2)完成句子

　　③说实在的，许多人把名和利看得很重。

　　To be honest, a lot of people attach_great_importance_to becoming rich and famous.

　　④既然你想学习更多的技能为什么只参加了一个俱乐部？

　　Why did you attach_yourself_to only one club when you want to learn more skills?

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出shape的词性和词义

　　(A)v.造成……形状(B)v.形成； 塑造

　　(C)n.形状；体形

　　(D)n.状况

　　1．Kim's birthday cake was in the shape of a heart.__C__

　　2．Considering how old the car is, it's not in bad shape.__D__

　　3．Cookies shaped like different kinds of animals appeal to small children.__A__

　　4．It was the Greeks who shaped the thinking of Western man.__B__

　　1．run out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了

　　[教材原句]　In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out.

　　将来，由于地球上的自然资源濒临枯竭，关爱环境将变得非常重要。

　　(1)run out of 　用完(及物动词短语)

　　use up

　　用完；耗尽(及物动词短语)

　　give out

　　用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽(不及物动词短语)

　　(2)run across

　　偶然遇到

　　run after

　　追逐；追踪

　　run for

　　竞选

　　run into

　　撞上；偶然遇到

　　run over

　　超时；轧过

　　①I'm running_out_of petrol, so I have to stop at the next filling station.

　　我就要把汽油用完了，所以只得在下一个加油站停下来。

　　②Today I am very glad to have the chance to run_for the vice president of the English Club.(2017·天津高考书面表达)

　　今天我非常高兴有机会竞选英语俱乐部副主席的职位。

　　③Many men run_after success, and often neglect their wives and children.

　　许多男人追逐成功，而经常忽视了他们的妻子和孩子。

　　2．rely on/upon依靠；依赖

　　[教材原句]　We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power.

　　我们也必须更多地依靠像太阳能和风能这样的可替代能源。

　　(1)rely on sb.doing/to do sth.指望某人做某事

　　rely on it that ...

　　相信……；指望……

　　(2)reliable adj.

　　可依靠的；可依赖的

　　Don't rely on him doing/to_do (do) anything — he's just a talker.

　　什么事都不要依靠他——他只是个空谈家。

　　You may rely_on_it that he will pay back all the debts.

　　你相信好了，他会偿还所有债务的。

　　3. I'm too busy enjoying my life now to_worry_about the future!

　　我现在忙于享受生活，而无暇为未来担忧！

　　too ... to do sth. “太……而不能做某事”，是一个表示否定意义的句型。

　　(1)某些形容词与“too ... to ...”句型连用时，too(＝ very)表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表示情感的词，如glad, pleased, surprised, delighted, happy, willing, ready, eager, anxious等。

　　①As far as I know, they are too anxious to_leave (leave)．

　　据我所知，他们急于离开。

　　(2)当在too前加上only, but, all, simply或just时，“too ...to”结构表示肯定意义，此时too带有赞赏的感情色彩。

　　②The students were only_too_glad_to_go back home for the winter holiday.

　　放寒假回家，学生们很高兴。

　　(3)“too ... to ...”结构和never, not等否定副词连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”。

　　③He taught us that it is never_too_late_to_start something new.

　　他教会了我们：开始新的事情永远都不会太晚。

　　4．Not_all predictions come true.

　　并不是所有的预言都会成为现实。

　　(1)该句中Not all ...为部分否定，意为“并非都……”，有时也可用“all ... not”表示。英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。

　　①He says that once again not_all new locks have been proved reliable.

　　他再次说，并非所有新锁都被证明是可靠的。

　　②Not_everything that we need can be bought with money.

　　并非我们需要的一切都能用钱买到。

　　(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。

　　③Nothing in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.

　　(谚)世上无难事，只怕有心人。

　　④He told me all pieces of the news, but none of them was very exciting.

　　他告诉了我所有的消息，但没有一件激动人心的。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空

　　①He has two daughters, not both of whom are doctors.

　　②For a start, this type of jeans doesn't suit you and secondly it is on the way out.

　　③How to get rid of the difficulties is still a great problem.

　　④Do look out for spelling mistakes in your homework.

　　⑤You don't have to go out into the rain since the store delivers free of charge.

　　⑥No matter where you go, I will be right here waiting for you.

　　⑦She was too excited to_say (say) a word when she heard the news.

　　⑧We'd almost finished solving the problem when our time was used up.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　No one knows ①for_sure (肯定地) what will happen in the future. I wonder what we will ②rely_on (依靠) when natural resources ③run_out (用完). What we can do now is to protect the environment by ④looking_out (当心) for our own behavior. We should try to ⑤get_rid_of (除掉) bad habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．run相关短语点点练

　　(1)介、副词填空

　　①I unexpectedly ran across him in the street the other day.

　　②He was determined to hold on to this job whatever difficulties he might run into.

　　③She has run out of her money and her patience is also running out.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④The earth's resources are being used up at an alarming rate.

　　→The earth's resources are running/giving out at an alarming rate.

　　→The earth's resources are being run out of at an alarming rate.

　　2．rely用法全接触

　　单句语法填空

　　①The days when the Chinese people had to rely on/upon imported oil are gone forever.

　　②You may rely on it that they will support you.

　　③Everybody likes to work with whoever is reliable (rely) and easy to get on with.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．Having lived in China for 8 years, Helen has a good command of both English and Chinese.

　　2．Are you studying at a middle school attached (attach) to Beijing University?

　　3．In many states of America, a neighbor may charge you with playing your radio too loudly.

　　4．I don't want to put all my money into the risky (risk) business.

　　5．I need to charge my iPhone 5s every day as the battery runs out quickly.

　　6．Believe in yourself. Sometimes you just have to rely on/upon your own judgment.

　　7．Wherever_ you choose to work and live, you should try to fit in with the local people.

　　8．Short skirts are definitely on the way out now and longer ones are in fashion again.

　　9．Not many people agree with the government's prediction (predict) that the economy will improve.

　　10．Unfortunately Bill has too small a car to_take (take) us all to the station.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．For the first time in years, she felt in the command of her life.去掉第二个the

　　2．Don't rely on that the boss will promote you.on后加it__

　　3．The doctor had no alternative but admit receiving bribery (贿赂)．but后加to

　　4．Though our food is run out, we are sure that we can hold out for another day.run→running__

　　5．We don't have enough books for anybody; some of you will have to share.anybody→everybody

　　6．We should attach great importance on the development of community­based services. on→to

　　7．The door is too narrow for a car to get through it.去掉it

　　8．Her son was charged for cheating by the police, which made it difficult for her to go to sleep.第一个for→with

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　The resources on the earth are not endless. Scientists predict that the resources will run_out (用完) with the development of economy. ①As natural resources are getting rare, we have no choice butto_get_rid_of (除掉) any practice that wastes energy. We must rely_on (依靠) ourselves to protect natural resources.

　　We must know for_sure (肯定地) what we should do. ②Firstly, we should exploit alternative_energy (可替代能源). Secondly, cars should be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind power. Thirdly, we should live a low­carbon life. ③In a word, wherever we are, we should look_out (当心) for our own behavior and make contributions to protecting the environment. We believe that if we attach_importance_to (重视) environmental protection, we will have a wonderful future finally.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分

　　(1)not endless→limited

　　(2)choice→alternative

　　(3)Firstly→For_a_start

　　(4)finally→eventually

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用with复合结构改写句①

　　With_natural_resources_getting_rare,_we_have_no_choice_but_to_get_rid_of_any_practice_that_wastes_energy._

　　(2)用被动语态改写句②

　　Firstly,_alternative_energy_should_be_exploited.

　　(3)用“no matter＋疑问词”句式改写句③

　　In a word, no_matter_where_we_are,_we should look out for our own behavior and make contributions to protecting the environment.

　　[课下练高考]

　　阅读理解提速练——练速度

　　(限时：20分钟)

　　A

　　(2016·九江市高三二模)Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach, which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.

　　If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube, chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryland's professor Yiannis Aloimonos, leader of the group, said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.”

　　“At present, the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally, we took our own videos, our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And, as the robot advances, it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality homemade videos.”

　　So far, the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts, such as grasping a spoon, bringing it to the bowl, stirring the salad and observing the results.

　　But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task, the so­called feedback (反馈意见); another is the introduction of language.

　　“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical (比喻性的) language，”he added.“But，” he said，“we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。

　　1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on” in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by ________.

　　A．take hold ofB．make use of

　　C．keep track of

　　D．catch sight of

　　解析：选B　词义猜测题。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted ...used by a robot.”可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息。结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on应与“make use of”意思相近，因此选择B项。

　　2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot ________.

　　A．can not fully digest what it learns

　　B．can not make a simple salad

　　C．can follow home­made videos

　　D．can understand metaphorical language

　　解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。

　　3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because ________.

　　A．they can easily follow fixed programs

　　B．they are smart enough to learn cooking

　　C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch

　　D．predetermined instructions are not flexible

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。

　　4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage?

　　A．Robots Creating a New World

　　B．Robots Making Cooking Videos

　　C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos

　　D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

　　解析：选C　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最佳标题。

　　B

　　(2016·银川一中高三年级第三次月考)

　　Life in 2060

　　Let us suppose it is now about A．D. 2060. Let's make believe (假装；虚构) it is about 45 years from now. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.

　　Voyages to the moon are being made every day. It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe. At a number of scenic spots on the moon, many hotels have been built. The hotels are air­conditioned, naturally. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of young and old.

　　What are people eating now? People are still eating food. They haven't yet started to take on heir (继承) supply of energy directly as electrical current or as nuclear power. They may some day. But many foods now come in pill form, and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.

　　Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago, most of our planet's surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer destroyed by pests. The harvest is always good.

　　Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farm. It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then.

　　People are now largely vegetarians (素食者). You see, as the number of people increases, the number of animal decreases. Therefore, people have to be vegetarians and we are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we know the causes and cure of disease and pain, and it is possible to get rid of diseases. No one has to be ill any more.

　　Such would be our life in 2060.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2060年我们的生活会是什么样子，作者为我们描绘出了一番景象。

　　5．When was the passage written?

　　A．In about A．D. 2060.

　　B．In about 1960.

　　C．In about 2017.

　　D．In about 2015.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段的前两句可知，2060年在45年之后，因此写文章的年份大约是2015年。故选D。

　　6．According to the passage, what will be on the moon in about A．D. 2060?

　　A．Many other animals.

　　B．Many tourists.

　　C．Many plants.

　　D．A sea.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，去月球旅游成为了常态，每天都有游客去月球旅游。故选B。

　　7．What will people eat then according to the passage?

　　A．Biscuits in pill form. B．Foods in pill form.

　　C．Foods in water form.

　　D．Foods in gas form.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，到那时很多食物都是以药片的形式出现的。故选B。

　　8．The passage tells us that in 2060, ________ on the earth than now.

　　A．the crops are getting better

　　B．there are more pests

　　C．there are fewer people

　　D．there is less water

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的后两句可知，庄稼不再遭受害虫的侵袭，每年都是大丰收。故选A。

　　C

　　(2016·银川质量检测)Many of the world's countries have reached or are approaching zero population growth (ZPG). Nearly all such lands are economically well developed. They include much of Europe (including Russia), the United States, Canada, Japan, and Australia. As the rate of natural increase (RNI) declines, two things happen. First, the population begins to decline if the loss is not balanced by immigration. Second, a country's population ages because there are fewer births.

　　Is achieving ZPG good or bad? What happens when a country's population begins to drop? Many people, after all, believe that population decline is a good thing. But is it good for everyone? Does everyone agree?

　　An aging population can create many problems. Senior citizens require more health care and medical attention. Rather than paying into retirement programs, they begin to draw from their pensions. In the US, the Social Security program, according to many experts, will be used up by 2018. It will pay out more money than it takes in. Additionally, a great number of jobs go begging in search of people willing or able to do them. Many of these jobs are entry­level positions that pay low wages. With an aging population, who will fill them? At the other extreme, some positions require a large number of training and highly specialized skills. Who will fill these positions as retirees leave the workforce?

　　The answer to the problem of declining and aging population is simple: increased migration. Today many people, particularly those from less developed countries, are migrating in search of employment. Many are willing to take jobs that cannot (or will not) be filled by the_domestic_population. Others are well educated and highly skilled. Both groups contribute to a country's economy progress in many ways. Further, they add to the richness of a country's culture. Of greatest importance, perhaps, is the fact that they have become absolutely necessary to the economy of many lands. As you can see, for many countries and for most immigrants, migration is a win­win situation.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。许多发达国家正在或即将经历人口零增长，这是利还是弊？作者认为，人口零增长会导致人口老龄化，从而导致劳动力不足，加大社会福利负担，不利于国家的经济发展。所以增加移民是解决这个问题的办法，因为增加移民既能解决劳动力不足的问题，又能引进人才，丰富文化，带动经济发展。

　　9．In the writer's view, which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．Not everyone agrees that achieving ZPG is absolutely good.

　　B．Achieving ZPG is every country's aim in spite of its side effects.

　　C．Achieving ZPG is bad for senior citizens.

　　D．Achieving ZPG is good for employment.

　　解析：选A　推理判断题。第三段作者认为：人口零增长会导致人口老龄化，从而导致劳动力不足，加大社会福利负担，不利于国家的经济发展。由此可知，作者认为人口零增长有一些不利之处。故A项正确。

　　10．According to the passage, the best way to solve the problem of declining and aging population is ________.

　　A．to improve the health care system

　　B．to increase RNI

　　C．to increase employment

　　D．to increase migration

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The answer to ... increased migration.”可知，作者认为解决人口减少和人口老龄化的方法是增加移民。故选D项。

　　11．The underlined words “the domestic population” can be replaced by ________.

　　A．people within the country

　　B．people from developing countries

　　C．people without a college education

　　D．people living abroad

　　解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后五句“Additionally, a great number of jobs ... as retirees leave the workforce？”可知，人口老龄化会导致社会劳动力不足，这些职位将由谁来担任？第四段作者指出增加移民可以解决这些问题。许多移民愿意承担本国人不能或不愿做的事。由此可知，“the domestic population”是指相对移民而言的本国人。故选A项。

　　12．The main idea of the last paragraph is ________.

　　A．the advantages of increased migration

　　B．the problem of declining and aging population

　　C．how to increase migration

　　D．some ways to enrich a country's culture

　　解析：选A　段落大意题。最后一段的中心句是该段第一句。由该句和下文可知，本段主要说明了增加移民的好处。故选A项。

　　Module 2　Traffic Jam

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.display vt.　展示；陈列

　　2.receipt n.

　　收据

　　3.fare n.

　　车费

　　4.destination n.

　　目的地；终点

　　5.provide vt.

　　提供

　　6.blow vt.

　　吹响(乐器、号角等)

　　7.suburban adj.郊区的；市郊的→suburb n．郊区

　　8.permit n．执照；许可证→permission n．许可；允许

　　9.limit vt.限制→limited adj.有限的

　　10.impressive adj.给人印象深刻的→impress vt.给……留下印象→impression n．印象

　　11.convenient adj.方便的→convenience n．方便；便利

　　12.explore vt.探索→explorer n．探索者→exploration n．探索

　　13.react vi.反应→reaction n．反应

　　14.solution n．解答；答案→solve v．解决

　　15.mood n．心情；心境→moody adj.喜怒无常的

　　16.registration n．执照；登记→register vi.登记；记录 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.Most of us like the convenience of using credit cards to buy things as it is convenient to carry.(convenient)

　　2.Bob is moody,_so I'm in no mood to talk with him about the business.(mood)

　　3.The natural resources we have are limited. Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit.(limit)

　　4.He reacted badly against the boss's decision, whose reaction was also reacting upon his colleagues.(react)

　　5.When asked about his impression of Beijing, he said that he was deeply impressed by its unique human landscape, and that the Palace Museum was the most impressive architecture he'd ever seen.(impressive)

　　6.As an explorer,_he dreams of exploring the outer space one day.(explore) 1. “展示”高频词汇全接触

　　①display n．& v．　展示

　　②show n．& v.

　　展示

　　③exhibit v.

　　展览

　　④exhibition n.

　　展示；展览会

　　⑤on show/exhibition/display

　　在展出，展览中

　　2.“费用”名词大全

　　①fare车费

　　②cost成本

　　③expense花费

　　④charge费用

　　⑤payment支付

　　⑥fine罚款

　　⑦fee费用；酬金

　　⑧tip小费

　　3.“提供”动词一览

　　①provide

　　提供

　　②offer

　　主动提供

　　③supply

　　供应

　　④equip

　　配备，供应

　　⑤furnish

　　供应

　　4.“(不)许可”单词大观园

　　①permit v.

　　允许

　　②allow v.

　　允许

　　③forbid v.

　　禁止

　　④ban v．& n.

　　禁止

　　⑤prohibit v.

　　禁止

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.be_connected_to　与……相连

　　2.be/get_stuck_in

　　被困在……

　　3.in_no_time

　　马上；一会儿；立刻

　　4.get_around

　　到处旅行；四处走动

　　5.under_construction

　　正在建设之中

　　6.switch_off

　　关上(电灯、电视等)；

　　断掉(电源)

　　7.keep_cool

　　保持冷静

　　8.what's_more

　　而且；此外

　　9.drive_sb.mad

　　使某人发疯

　　10.no_way

　　(俚语)肯定不；

　　没门儿 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.We usually get_stuck_in a jam on our way to school.

　　2.Be sure to switch_off the light when you leave the office.

　　3.Keeping_cool in an urgent situation is a good quality for a man.

　　4.On hearing the news, they set out for the earthquake­stricken area in_no_time.

　　5.When we got to the new hotel, it was still under_construction. 1.聚焦“v.＋around”短语

　　get around　到处旅行

　　turn around

　　好转；转身

　　look around

　　游览

　　move around

　　走来走去

　　wander around

　　徘徊

　　2.由what's more想到的

　　what's worse

　　更糟的是

　　to make matters worse

　　更糟的是

　　worse still

　　更糟的是

　　on the other (hand)

　　另一方面

　　in addition

　　而且；此外

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time. 只要你招招手，马上就有出租车开过来。 祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句。 和快乐的人在一起，你就会每天都快乐。Stay with happy people and_you_will_be_happy every day.

　　2.It's a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese.

　　把你的目的地用汉语写出来是一个不错的主意。 have ... done“完成……；使……遭遇不幸”。 为了环保，我们不妨将这些废品进行回收利用。For environmental reasons, we'd better have_these_wastes_recycled.

　　3.You should not only listen to the teacher's and your classmates' pronunciation, but also to tapes and broadcasting.

　　你不但应听老师和同学们的发音，而且还要听录音带和广播。 not only ...but also ...“不但……而且……”。 不但我父母喜欢体育运动，而且我也喜欢体育运动。Not_only my parents but_also I am fond of sports.

　　1．permit n．执照；许可证；通行证v.允许；许可；容许

　　[教材原句]　You should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt.

　　你得确保出租车有营业执照，并且一定要索取发票。

　　(1)permit doing sth. 　允许做某事

　　permit sb.to do sth.

　　允许某人做某事

　　天气/时间允许的话

　　(3)permission n.

　　允许；许可

　　ask for permission

　　请求许可

　　without permission

　　未经许可

　　Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to_cook (cook) in the kitchen.(2015·天津高考阅读A)

　　住在带有厨房的大楼里的学生只被允许在厨房做饭。

　　No reference books are to be taken out of the reading room without permission.

　　未经许可，本阅览室的参考书不得带出去。

　　I'll see you after the meeting, if_time_permits.

　　如果时间允许，会后我来见你。

　　2．limit vt.限制n.限制；范围；界限

　　[教材原句]　Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre.

　　1路到100路公交车都是仅限于市中心行驶的。

　　(1)limit ... to ...把……限制到……

　　be limited to

　　受限于……

　　(2)beyond the limit

　　超过限度

　　within the limits of

　　在……范围内

　　(3)limited adj.

　　有限的

　　The length of the article should be_limited_to 400 words or so.(2015·全国卷满分作文)

　　文章的长度应该限制在400字左右。

　　He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited(limit) education in his childhood.

　　他出身贫寒，小时候接受的教育有限。

　　3. provide vt.提供；规定；准备；供应

　　[教材原句]　Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing.

　　公共交通为人们游览北京城提供了一种低价位的出行方式。

　　向……提供某物

　　provide for

　　赡养，养活

　　(2)provided (that) ... ＝ providing (that) ...

　　倘若；在……情况/条件下

　　①Besides, being provided_with some information about career planning can help us develop our interest and potential.(2017·上海高考书面表达)

　　另外，了解一些有关职业规划的信息有助于我们开发我们的兴趣和潜力。

　　②I'm sure that he has the ability to provide_for his family.

　　我相信他有能力供养妻儿老小。

　　4．convenient adj.方便的；便利的

　　[教材原句]　Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible.

　　地铁快捷方便，但是在交通高峰时段情况就可能非常糟糕。

　　(1)it is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是方便的

　　sth.be convenient for/to sb.某物对某人来说是方便的

　　sth.be convenient for sth.

　　某物离某物很近

　　(2)convenience n.

　　方便；便利

　　at one's convenience

　　在某人方便的时候

　　If it_is_convenient_for/to you in August, I'd like to ask you to go there for a visit then.(2017·北京高考满分作文)

　　如果你8月份方便的话，我想请你到那里去参观一下。

　　Can you come and give me a hand at_your_convenience?

　　你能在方便的时候过来帮我一把吗？

　　[名师指津]　convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。如“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for/to you，而不是when you are convenient。

　　.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．Among the guests at the party, the pianist was the most_impressive (impressive)．

　　2．In my opinion, you had better set a limit to the expense of your trip.

　　3．Whenever it is convenient for/to you, come and get back the book you need.

　　4．Many world­famous paintings are on display in this museum.

　　5．The firm has reacted to the workers' complaint by dismissing the manager.

　　6．After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no mood to_go (go) to the party with us.

　　7．It's difficult to_find_a_solution (要找到解决方法) that we can all agree on.

　　8．As soon as we arrived on the island we were_eager_to_explore (急于探索)．

　　.重难点多练

　　1．permit全扫描

　　(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①We don't permit smoking (smoke) in the library.

　　②Our parents may not permit us to_stay (stay) out at night.

　　③We'll have a picnic on the beach, weather permitting (permit)．

　　(2)完成句子

　　④未经许可，任何人不得进入实验室。

　　Without_permission,_no one could enter the lab.

　　⑤如果你要离开教室，应该请求老师的许可。

　　If you want to leave the classroom, you should ask_for_the_teacher's_permission.

　　2．provide多棱镜

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The police will reward whoever provides/has_provided (provide) useful information to catch the robber.

　　②They can even reshape our value and philosophy, providing (provide) a lasting impact on our life.

　　③The website provides students with free information about how to choose a good college.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④You may buy whatever you like on condition that there is money on you.

　　→Provided/Providing that there is money on you, you may buy whatever you like.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　1．根据语境选出display的词性和词义

　　(A)v.展示；陈列(B)n.展示；陈列

　　(C)v.显露；显示

　　(D)n.公开表演

　　Have you seen the thrilling firework display last night？__D__

　　②It's the first time that the painting has been displayed to the public.__A__

　　③Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.__B__

　　④I have rarely seen her display any signs of emotion.__C__

　　2．根据语境选出blow的词性和词义

　　(A)v.吹响(乐器、号角等)　(B)v.(风)吹；吹动

　　(C)v.吹；吹气

　　(D)n.打击；殴打

　　Newspapers and plastic bags were blowing about in the wind.__B__

　　②Visitors can watch the men blowing glass in the workshop.__C__

　　③The teacher blew a whistle to gather her pupils.__A__

　　④He gave me a blow on the head and I fell down.__D__

　　1．be/get stuck in被困在……

　　[教材原句]　Have you ever been stuck in a traffic jam?

　　你曾经遇上过堵车吗？

　　be stuck with遇到困难无法进行下去；无法摆脱

　　stick at

　　奋力不懈地做……

　　stick out

　　伸出；突出

　　stick to

　　坚持；信守

　　①The firefighters managed to save a girl who was_stuck_in the big fire.

　　消防队员设法救出了被困在大火中的一个女孩。

　　②Good opinions are worth sticking_to because they can benefit us all.(2015·浙江高考书面表达)

　　好的观点值得坚持，因为它们对我们大家有利。

　　2．in no time马上；一会儿

　　[教材原句]　Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time.

　　只要你招招手，马上就有出租车开过来。

　　in time　及时；最终

　　on time

　　按时

　　at a time

　　每次，一次

　　at one time

　　曾经，一度

　　at times

　　有时

　　at the same time

　　同时

　　at no time

　　在任何时候都不；从来没有(位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装)

　　①If we don't hurry up, we won't be in_time to catch the train.

　　如果我们不赶紧的话，就来不及赶上火车了。

　　②Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think I am very suitable for this job. At_the_same_time,_I can improve my English as quickly as possible.(2015·陕西高考满分作文)

　　首先，因为我的英语口语流利，我认为我很适合这项工作。同时，我能够尽快提高英语水平。

　　3．get around到处旅行；四处走动；(消息等)传播开来；说服；回避；克服(困难)

　　[教材原句]　Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing.

　　公共交通为人们游览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。

　　[一词多义]　写出下列句中get around的含义

　　①It's easy to get around by bus in this city.到处旅行；四处走动

　　②Nothing gets around faster than bad news.(消息等)传播开来

　　③I think we should be able to get around most of these problems.克服(困难)

　　④She was always very clever at getting around the rules.回避

　　⑤She's trying to get around her father to buy her a new car.说服

　　4．It's a good idea to have_your_destination_written in Chinese.

　　把你的目的地用汉语写出来是一个不错的主意。

　　本句中含有“have sth.done”结构，此结构中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是动宾关系。

　　have的相关用法如下：

　　(1)have sth.done　完成某事；遭遇不幸

　　have sb.do sth.

　　让某人做某事

　　have sb.doing sth.

　　允许某人做某事(常用于否定句中)；使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)

　　(2)have sth.to do

　　有某事要做

　　have sth.to be done 有某事要让别人做

　　①He had one of his legs broken (break) while playing football.

　　踢足球时，他摔断了一条腿。

　　②Don't be worried. I'll have Tom help (help) you finish the work.

　　别担心，我会让汤姆帮你完成工作。

　　③I can't have you speaking (speak) to your mother in a rude manner. You must apologize to her immediately.

　　我不允许你用粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。

　　④I have a lot of reading to_complete (complete) before the end of this term.

　　在这个学期结束前，我要读完很多书。

　　5．You should not_only listen to the teacher's and your classmates' pronunciation, but_also to tapes and broadcasting.

　　你不但应听老师和同学们的发音，而且还要听录音带和广播。

　　not only ... but also ...“不但……而且……”，用于连接并列成分。

　　(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。

　　(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。

　　(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词的数通常与靠近的成分保持一致。

　　①As a native speaker, I not_only can speak Mandarin fluently, but_also know how to work on it to make great progress.(2015·四川高考满分作文)

　　作为一个说本族语的人，我不仅能说流利的普通话，而且知道如何努力取得很大的进步。

　　②Not only can_they_offer us joy and excitement, but also they can encourage us to think critically.(2017·浙江高考书面表达)

　　它们不仅能给我们带来快乐和兴奋，而且还能鼓励我们进行批判性的思考。

　　③Not only the children but also their coach likes (like) playing football.

　　不仅是孩子们，他们的教练也喜欢踢足球。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空/完成句子

　　①Stand there and you'll have a good view of the city.

　　②All the computers in our company are connected to one another.

　　③He hoped to find a good way to have his written English improved (improve) in a short period.

　　④Always switch off the power supply after using electrical equipment.

　　⑤Buses, trains and planes make it convenient for people to get around.

　　⑥Not only the students but also their teacher likes (like) the film and they want to see it again.

　　⑦Whatever happens, the most important thing is to_keep_cool (保持冷静).

　　⑧She was fortunate to find a job she loved and what's_more (而且), she got well paid for it.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　At one time ①getting_around (到处走动) in the city was only a dream for us. The road conditions were so bad that on rainy days we often ②got_stuck_in (陷入) the mud, which sometimes ③drove_us_mad (使我们发疯). But to everyone's joy, a new highway is ④under_construction (正在建设之中). When it is completed, our village will ⑤be_connected_to (与……相连) the city. We will have more chances to get away from the village. ⑥What's_more (而且), it is more likely that we will get rid of poverty.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．be/get stuck in相关短语点点练

　　单句语法填空/完成句子

　　①When I have a better idea, I would choose to stick to it.

　　②Will you help me with this mathematical problem? I'm stuck with it.

　　③Being_stuck (stick) in the traffic for hours put him in a really bad mood.

　　④Actually, we can't succeed in everything we try. What's important is that we_should_stick_at_it (我们应该努力去做)．

　　2．time相关短语万花筒

　　选词填空

　　in no time， in time， at a time， at one time， at no time

　　①This used to be a very pretty valley at_one_time.

　　②The wounded soldier should be sent to the hospital in_no_time.

　　③This restaurant can accommodate two hundred people at_a_time.

　　④At_no_time did I tell you that you could use my computer.

　　⑤If you don't doubt your efforts, I think, the problems can be settled in_time.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．It's all ready. I'll get you something to eat in no time.

　　2．You'd better have your eyes examined (examine) as soon as possible.

　　3．The beautiful sunny morning put him in a happy mood.

　　4．The security system will not permit you to_enter (enter) without the correct password.

　　5．If you want to go camping, we can provide you with a tent.

　　6．Meetings are always arranged at the staff's convenience.

　　7．Stuck in the traffic jam, they were late for the wedding ceremony.

　　8．With so much homework to do, she now has very limited (limit) playtime.

　　9．Make sure you switch off all the lights before you leave.

　　10．One of the solutions to the heavy traffic problem is to reduce the number of vehicles.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．There is a limit to people's life, but no limit to learn the knowledge.learn→learning

　　2．Claire had her luggage checking before her plane left.checking→checked_

　　3．It was getting dark; I found a car sticking in a pool by the side of the road.sticking→stuck

　　4．Smoking does great harm to our health. In no time is smoking allowed in public places.In→At

　　5．The old temple whose roof was damaged in the storm is now under the construction.去掉under后的the

　　6．The news was soon got around that several people had been arrested for selling drugs.去掉was

　　7．Weather permits, we will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.permits→permitting

　　8．I will appreciate it if you e­mail the answers to me when it is convenient with you.with→to/for

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　①My wife and I like going to the suburb to travel at weekends, where there is a variety of plants on_display (在展出). ②If weather permits, we will go there to enjoy the quiet and relaxing environment, which can bring us a good feeling.

　　But last weekend because the road was being built, we had to drive around. As a result, we got_stuck_in (被困在……) a traffic jam. Waiting among many vehicles almost drove_me_mad (使我发疯). At that time, the most important thing of all was to keep_cool (保持冷静). After a long time, we eventually got to our destination. Although the trip made me a little depressed, what I got more was pleasure.

　　Next weekend we will still go out for an outing. ③If you are free, you are welcome to join us.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)travel→get_around

　　(2)feeling→mood

　　(3)being built→under_construction

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用not only ...but also ...改写句①

　　Not_only_my_wife_but_also_I_like_going_to_the_suburb_to_travel_at_weekends,_where_there_is_a_variety_of_plants_on_display.

　　(2)用独立主格结构改写句②

　　Weather_permitting,_we_will_go_there_to_enjoy_the_quiet_and_relaxing_environment,_which_can_bring_us_a_good_feeling.

　　(3)用convenient构成的句式改写句③

　　If_it_is_convenient_for_you,_you_are_welcome_to_join_us._

　　[课下练高考]

　　“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型

　　(限时：35分钟)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·山东省实验中学一模)I passed my driving test at the fourth attempt. You might think that means I'm not as safe as someone who passed on their first attempt. But would you feel safer with no driver at all? Maybe not, and that's why automotive firms have included driver­assist functions in their driverless cars. This allows the human driver to take over if there is a problem.

　　Google is one producer that has prototype driverless cars. These cars have been newly equipped with auto­steering wheels and conventional controls to allow normal driving. But this is just a stage — the vision is to have fully automated cars very soon. The director of Google's self­drive project, Chris Urmson, hopes his 11­year­old son will never have to take a driving test. To achieve that, the cars need to be on the roads in five years. He says driverless cars will greatly reduce accidents and traffic jams.

　　According to Chris, about 1.2 million people are killed on the roads around the world each year. That number is equivalent to a jet falling out of the sky every day. He thinks gradual changes to existing car designs are not enough to deal with the problems. “If we are really going to make changes to our cities, get rid of parking lots, we need self­drive cars，” he says.

　　Google's prototypes have covered over a million kilometers on the road. They have also had to deal with unexpected situations, such as a child driving a toy car in the road, and a woman in an electric wheelchair chasing a duck. In each case, the car reacted safely.

　　Some are not convinced. Sven Beiker of Stanford University thinks driverless cars will still need human input in extreme circumstances.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人驾驶汽车尽管能够减少交通事故和交通堵塞，但是，它的安全性还有待验证。

　　1．According to Paragraph 1, what is the author's chief concern about driverless cars?

　　A．Functions.B．Safety.

　　C．Price.

　　D．Appearance.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“But would you feel ... in their driverless cars.”可知，作者主要关心的是无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选B。

　　2．Chris Urmson mentioned his 11­year­old son in order to show that ________.

　　A．traditional cars are harmful for kids

　　B．his son is not good at driving

　　C．his son is a slow learner in driving

　　D．driverless cars will come soon

　　解析：选D　细节推断题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句可知，Chris Urmson希望他11岁的儿子将来不用参加驾照考试。为了实现这个愿望，无人驾驶汽车须在5年之内上市，即在他的儿子16岁之前。由此可知，Chris Urmson提到他儿子是为了说明无人驾驶汽车很快就能被生产出来。故选D。

　　3．What is Chris Urmson's comment on self­drive cars?

　　A．They can solve many existing problems.

　　B．They are safer than a jet plane.

　　C．They can completely change our cities.

　　D．They should change gradually.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He says driverless cars will greatly ... jams.”和第三段最后一句“‘If we are really ...’ he says.”可知，无人驾驶汽车可以减少交通事故、交通堵塞和停车场拥挤等现存的问题。故选A。

　　4．What can we learn from the text?

　　A．Google's prototypes will be tested on the roads soon.

　　B．Self­drive cars are not designed for children or women.

　　C．Concerns remain about the reliability of self­drive cars.

　　D．Driving tests will be easier to pass in the near future.

　　解析：选C　细节推断题。根据最后一段“Some are not convinced ... in extreme circumstances.”可知，Sven Beiker认为在极端环境下，无人驾驶汽车还是需要人工来操作。由此可推知，有些人还是担心无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选C。

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五

　　(2016·石家庄市高三教学质检一)Attending college after high school isn't for everyone. If you are looking to explore your choices, check out these alternatives and they will help you make a decision that is right for you.

　　●Get a job.

　　The responsibility of holding down a full­time job is a good way for you to translate into adulthood, not to mention it's a financial necessity. __1__

　　●Start a business.

　　Have you always been an entrepreneur (企业家)? __2__ The trick is finding your position and pursuing it. You can start by listing your strengths and interests, and finding potential industries that would put them to good use. And remember, even if you fail, it will give you much experience.

　　●__3__

　　Adult education classes are a great way to sample college life without going full­time. It will give you the opportunity to take various classes and decide what direction you want to go before committing to a major or degree program. __4__

　　●Turn a hobby into a moneymaker.

　　__5__ With enough passion and drive, a hobby such as painting, music, or baking could become a viable moneymaker. If you are able to do what you love, please try to make a living at it.

　　A．Take adult education classes.

　　B．Serve in the army for education.

　　C．However, you will want to adapt yourself to a job that offers career growth.

　　D．If

　　you have a special talent in one hobby, perhaps you can turn it into a career.

　　E．Some teens choose to take a year or two off before continuing their education, while others jump right into the workforce.

　　F．Especially in this Internet age, there are many business opportunities for you to start working for yourself.

　　G．Start by researching community colleges in your area to find one that offers classes that appeal to you.

　　答案：1～5　CFAGD

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　(2016·银川一中第一次模拟)It was a beautiful morning in the summer. My oldest grandson, Seth, now twelve, stood on the small dock (码头) and __1__ for me to bait his hook (在鱼钩上放诱饵) with a lively worm. I __2__ the worm securely to the hook.“Here you go, Seth，” I told him. “You're all set.” He cast his __3__ into the water. I baited my own hook and cast my line

　　into the water. We sat on the dock, enjoyed the brief relief from the heat and __4__

　　watched any signs of a bite.

　　Seth reeled (往卷轴上绕起) his line in. “What are you __5__？” I asked.

　　“There's no fish.”

　　“Sure there are！” I said.“They aren't hungry right now，__6__ they're there.”

　　He__7__ me, pulled his bobber (浮子) and bait in and cast his line in another__8__. I sat and watched Seth cast. He'd wait a few minutes, reel it in and __9__ again.

　　“Seth！”

　　He looked at me. “Seth! Patience! Fishing is a game of

　　__10__： You cast your bait into the water and wait.”

　　“Poppa, there is no __11__ here.”

　　“Seth, fishing is a game, a very __12__ one. Sometimes you win, but mostly you __13__. The fish are clever. It's a waiting __14__. The fish usually win.

　　They're smart. You need to be__15__.”

　　We went home that day empty­handed, but I hoped he __16__ a lesson from this experience.

　　__17__ is easy in life. We go through pains, struggles and dreams, but __18__ we are patient, our goals will bite the hook and we can reel them in.

　　I'm still waiting for mine. I __19__ it's out there, under the waters, searching for the hook.One day it will happen.

　　In the meantime, I __20__fishing.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。人生中没有容易的事。我们经历痛苦、挣扎和梦想，但如果我们有耐心，我们的目标就会“上钩”，我们就能把它们钓回来。

　　1．A.lookedB．worked

　　C．cared

　　D．waited

　　解析：选D　根据下文可知，作者的孙子等着作者给他的鱼钩挂上鲜活的虫子。

　　2．A.applied

　　B．transformed

　　C．fastened

　　D．linked

　　解析：选C　作者将虫子牢牢地固定在鱼钩上。

　　3．A.line

　　B．bucket

　　C．stone

　　D．bag

　　解析：选A　根据下文“cast my line into the water”可知，作者的孙子把鱼线抛到水里。

　　4．A.suddenly

　　B．carefully

　　C．proudly

　　D．helplessly

　　解析：选B　他们仔细地观察任何鱼上钩的迹象。

　　5．A.discovering

　　B．doing

　　C．suggesting

　　D．asking

　　解析：选B　根据下文可知，作者问他孙子：“你在做什么？”

　　6．A.but

　　B．so

　　C．or

　　D．and

　　解析：选A　它们现在不饿，但是它们一定在这儿，前后语义转折，故用but。

　　7．A.left

　　B．followed

　　C．ignored D．accepted

　　解析：选C　根据下文的描述可知，作者的孙子无视作者。

　　8．A.order

　　B．time

　　C．direction

　　D．form

　　解析：选C　作者的孙子把鱼线抛到另外一个方向。

　　9．A.cast

　　B．gain

　　C．appear

　　D．win

　　解析：选A　此处指作者的孙子等了几分钟，然后卷回鱼线，接着又再抛了出去。

　　10．A.humour

　　B．courage

　　C．preparation　

　　D．patience

　　解析：选D　根据上文“Seth! Patience！”可知，钓鱼是一个耐心的游戏。

　　11．A.boat

　　B．fish

　　C．worm

　　D．chance

　　解析：选B　作者的孙子频繁抛鱼线是因为他认为那里没有鱼。

　　12．A.easy

　　B．slow

　　C．different

　　D．useful

　　解析：选B　根据上文可知，钓鱼是个慢节奏的游戏。

　　13．A.succeed

　　B．rise

　　C．dream D．lose

　　解析：选D　根据上文“Sometimes you win, but ...”可知，此处用lose与前半句形成对比。

　　14．A.game

　　B．list

　　C．period

　　D．room

　　解析：选A　根据上文“fishing is a game”可知，此处指钓鱼是一个需要等待的游戏。

　　15．A.happier

　　B．stronger

　　C．smarter D．taller

　　解析：选C　根据前一句可知，此处指作者告诉他的孙子：“鱼很聪明，你需要更聪明。”

　　16．A.offered

　　B．taught

　　C．learned

　　D．began

　　解析：选C　那天他们空手而归，但是作者希望他的孙子可以从这次经历中学到一课。

　　17．A.Anything

　　B．Nothing

　　C．Everything

　　D．Something

　　解析：选B　根据下文“We go through pains, struggles and dreams”可知，人生中没有容易的事，我们经历痛苦、挣扎和梦想。

　　18．A.unless

　　B．before

　　C．although

　　D．if

　　解析：选D　但如果我们有耐心，我们的目标就会“上钩”，我们就能把它们钓回来。

　　19．A.predict

　　B．guess

　　C．know

　　D．doubt

　　解析：选C　作者知道他的鱼就在那里(在水里)，只要一直坚持相信以后鱼就会上钩。

　　20．A.keep

　　B．imagine

　　C．stop

　　D．avoid

　　解析：选A　由上文可知，作者会一直垂钓不息。

　　Module 3　Body Language and Non­verbal Communication

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.aggressive adj.　攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的

　　2.deal n.

　　协议；交易

　　3.involve vt.

　　包括

　　4.spread vi.

　　张开

　　5.stare vi.

　　凝视；盯着看

　　6.blank adj.

　　空白的

　　7.panic v.

　　恐慌；惊慌

　　8.request n.

　　请求；要求

　　9.communicate vi.(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流→communication n．交流；沟通

　　10.vary vi.变化→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．种类

　　11.formal adj.正式的→informal (反义词) adj.非正式的

　　12.traditionally adv.传统地→traditional adj.传统的→tradition n．传统

　　13.threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的→threaten vt.威胁→threat n．威胁

　　14.conscious adj.意识到的；自觉的→unconscious (反义词) adj.无意识的；不知不觉的

　　15.favour n．恩惠；善意的行为→favourable adj.赞同的；有利的→favourite adj.& n．特别喜爱的(东西)

　　16.judgement n．判断；意见→judge vi.& vt.判断 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.In our daily life, communication plays an important part, so it's important to develop the ability to communicate with others.(communicate)

　　2.Being out of work is threatening. But the threat can urge the workers to work harder.(threatening)

　　3.I'm in favour of the plan, which will be favourable to the development of children.(favour)

　　4.There is a variety of animals and plants in the world. They vary in shape and size and exist in many parts of the world. But for various reasons, some of them are dying out.(vary)

　　5.Walking on the street, I found an old man lying on the ground unconscious. When I was conscious that the old man was in danger, I called the emergency service.(conscious)

　　6.There is a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve. We usually have China's traditional food — dumplings on that day.(tradition) 1.盘点­are结尾单词

　　①stare vi.　凝视；盯着看

　　②glare vi.

　　怒视

　　③fare n.

　　票价；费用

　　④bare adj.

　　空的；赤裸的

　　⑤hare n.

　　野兔

　　⑥rare adj.

　　稀有的

　　⑦dare vi.

　　敢；胆敢

　　⑧share v.

　　共享，共用

　　2.由informal想到的

　　①formal adj.正式的→normal adj.正常的

　　②informal adj.非正式的→abnormal adj.不正常的

　　3.“空的”形容词全接触

　　①blank

　　空白的；茫然的

　　②empty

　　空的；空洞的

　　③vacant

　　空的；空缺的

　　4.聚焦­our结尾单词

　　①favour n.

　　恩惠

　　②pour v.

　　注，倒

　　③tour n.

　　周游

　　④flavour n.

　　味，味道

　　⑤flour n.

　　面粉

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.shake_hands_with与……握手

　　2.on_guard

　　(保持)警惕

　　3.make_a_deal

　　达成协议；做成交易

　　4.hold_up

　　举起；阻碍；承受住

　　5.give_away

　　暴露(自己的情况)；捐赠

　　6.lift_up

　　举起；抬起

　　7.up_and_down

　　上上下下；起起落落；

　　来来回回

　　8.by_accident

　　偶然地

　　9.say_hello_to

　　向……问好

　　10.switch_on

　　打开(灯、无线电等) 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.It's dangerous to give_away personal information on the Internet.

　　2.I don't know whether he did it by_accident or by design.

　　3.There is no need to lift_up your voice — I'm not deaf.

　　4.The building work has been held_up by bad weather.

　　5.The police warned people to be on_guard against pickpockets during the Christmas rush.

　　1.“偶然”和“故意”短语集锦

　　by accident偶然地

　　by chance

　　偶然地

　　by design

　　故意地

　　on purpose

　　故意地

　　2.由up and down想到的

　　back and forth

　　来来回回

　　day and night

　　日日夜夜

　　here and there

　　到处

　　now and then

　　有时

　　sooner or later

　　迟早

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words. 尽管这些很重要，但我们并不只是通过口头和书面语言进行交流。 “more than＋n.”表示“不仅仅是，不只是”。 《中国日报》不仅仅是一种报纸，它还有助于提高我们的英语水平。China Daily is more_than_a_newspaper. It helps to improve our English.

　　2.Indeed, body positions are part of what we call “body language”． 实际上，身体姿势是我们所称的“肢体语言”的一部分。 what引导的从句作介词of的宾语。 他为自己在过去的二十年中所取得的成就感到自豪。He feels proud of what_he_has_achieved in the past twenty years.

　　3.One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread.

　　然后这个人举起手，手掌向外，五指展开。 独立主格结构作状语。 下课后，很多学生跑出教室。Class_over,_many students ran out of the classroom.

　　1．vary vi.变化；不同vt.变更；改变

　　[教材原句]　We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also “learned” body language, which varies from culture to culture.

　　我们经常看到无意识的身体语言，但也有“学得的”身体语言，“学得的”身体语言在不同的文化中各不相同。

　　(1)vary with随……而变化

　　vary from

　　不同于……

　　vary in

　　在……方面不同/有差异

　　vary from ...to ...

　　由……到……情况不等

　　(2)variety n.

　　变化，多样性，种类

　　a variety of ＝ varieties of

　　各种各样的

　　(3)various adj.

　　各种各样的；多方面的

　　variable adj.

　　易变的；变化无常的

　　In our everyday life opinions vary from person to person, especially when a class activity is to be organized.(2015·浙江高考满分作文)

　　在我们的日常生活中，观点因人而异，尤其是组织班级活动时。

　　One of the advantages is that we can find a variety of topics, such as science, culture and history.(2017·湖南高考书面表达)

　　其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、文化、历史等。

　　2．involve vt.包括；涉及；使参与；需要

　　[教材原句]　Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person, but they always involve the hands.

　　亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的，但经常会用到手。

　　(1)involve sb.in (doing) sth.使某人参与(做)某事；使某人牵扯到某事中

　　involve doing sth.

　　包括做某事；需要做某事

　　(2)involved adj.

　　复杂的；有牵连的，有关的

　　get/be involved in

　　被卷入……之中；热衷于，专心于

　　be/get involved with sb./sth.

　　与某人混在一起/和某事有密切联系

　　①Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending (spend) quite a lot of time with students.(2017·福建高考单选)

　　米歇尔找到了一份中学教师的工作，(这份工作)需要和学生长时间待在一起。

　　②They were so deeply involved in the matter that they found it hard to pull out.

　　他们在那个问题上陷得太深，难以自拔。

　　[名师指津]　involved adj.作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。例如：an involved sentence“一个复杂的句子”；the people involved“所涉及的人”。

　　3．request n．& vt.请求；要求

　　[高考佳句]　You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks.(2015·天津高考阅读)

　　你可以与机器人说话，问它问题并要求它执行不同的任务。

　　(1)make a request for请求，要求……

　　at sb.'s request ＝ at the request of sb.

　　应某人之要求

　　on/upon request

　　一经要求

　　(2)request sb.to do sth.

　　请求/要求某人做某事

　　request that ...(should) do sth.

　　请求……做某事

　　①The singer sang one more song at_the_request_of enthusiastic fans.

　　应热情歌迷的要求，这位歌手又唱了一首歌。

　　②They request that all the cleaning work (should)_be_finished (finish) this morning.

　　他们要求所有的清洁工作要在今天上午完成。

　　4．favour (favor) n．恩惠；善意的行为；赞成；偏袒vt.支持；偏袒

　　[高考佳句]　I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I'd been given decades earlier.(2017·陕西高考阅读)

　　我想，这又是一次回报几十年前给我帮助的那个人的机会。

　　(1)ask sb.a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb.

　　请某人帮忙

　　do a favour for sb. ＝ do sb.a favour

　　给某人以恩惠；帮助某人

　　in one's favour

　　有利于某人

　　in favour of

　　支持；赞同；有利于

　　(2)favourable adj.

　　赞同的；有利的

　　favourite adj.& n.

　　特别喜爱的(东西)

　　Most of the teachers are in_favour_of the new teaching method.

　　大部分老师都赞同这种新的教学法。

　　Even though we have some trouble right now, I think the final result will be in_our_favour.

　　即使现在还有些问题，我想最后结果还是会对我们有利的。

　　.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．They successfully communicate their knowledge to others.

　　2．He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant.

　　3．Teachers are increasingly conscious of the importance of the Internet.

　　4．I don't want to get involved in the quarrel. It's none of my business.

　　5．She got into a panic when she thought she had forgotten the passport.

　　6．For most informal (formal) dinners, you should wear comfortable and casual clothes.

　　7．Traditionally (tradition) in China, children must respect and obey their parents and teachers.

　　8．He received a threatening (threat) letter saying his son was going to be killed.

　　9．After the three­year war, the two sides made_a_deal (达成协议) at last with each other and stopped fighting.

　　10．Could you do_me_a_favour (帮我个忙) and turn off that light?

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．vary一站清

　　(1)介词填空

　　①The color of the leaves varies with the season.

　　②Though in the same family, the birds vary in size and color.

　　③Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.

　　(2)一句多译

　　这家商店每天为顾客提供各种各样的商品。

　　④The store provides the customers with all kinds of goods every day.

　　⑤The store provides the customers with various goods every day.

　　⑥The store provides the customers with a variety of /varieties of goods every day.

　　2．request多棱镜

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①They have made an urgent request for international aid.

　　②She bought the new computer at the request of her three children.

　　③All club members are requested to_attend (attend) the annual meeting.

　　④I have a clean driver's license and can provide references on/upon request.

　　(2)句型转换

　　⑤We requested the government to make an investigation of the matter immediately.

　　→We requested that the government should make/make an investigation of the matter immediately.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　1．根据语境选出动词spread的词义

　　(A)扩展；蔓延(B)展开；铺开

　　(C)传播；散布

　　(D)伸展(四肢)

　　①First, lie on the floor with your arms spread wide.__D__

　　②We spread the blanket on the grass and sat down on it.__B__

　　③They are spreading the word on the need for healthy eating.__C__

　　④The fire was spreading fast, but we were finally able to get all the people to leave the scene.__A__

　　2．根据语境选出blank的词性和词义

　　(A)adj.空白的；无字迹的　(B)adj.无表情的；茫然的　(C)adj.空虚的；无意义的

　　(D)n.空白处；空格

　　①There was a blank look on his face.__B__

　　②Fill in the blanks with suitable words and expressions.__D__

　　③He does nothing all day and passes another blank day.__C__

　　④Write your name in the blank space at the top of the page.__A__

　　1．on guard (保持)警惕

　　[教材原句]　Like other animals, we are on guard until we know it is safe to relax.

　　跟别的动物一样，我们会一直处于戒备状态，直到我们感觉安全了才放松。

　　on (one's) guard against　戒备；防备

　　off guard

　　不警惕；不提防

　　①When we go shopping, we should be on guard against pickpockets.

　　当购物的时候， 我们应该提防扒手。

　　②Don't be off guard! You mustn't tell anything to him.

　　不要放松警惕，你一定不要告诉他任何事情。

　　2．hold up支撑；承受住；延迟；阻碍；举起

　　[教材原句]　One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread.

　　然后一个人举起他的手，手掌向外，五指展开。

　　[一词多义]　写出下列句中hold up的含义

　　①Had it not been for the postal strike, my home letter might not have been held up.延误

　　②How does he hold up under such a responsibility？承受住

　　③They held up their coach to celebrate their winning.举起

　　④This old tree is held up by a post.支撑

　　hold on　挺住；坚持住；(打电话)别挂断

　　hold on to

　　抓紧；不放开；保留；坚持

　　hold back

　　阻挡；拦阻；隐瞒；控制

　　hold out

　　(在困境中)坚持；伸出；提供；维持；主张

　　⑤When he left the telephone to fetch a pencil, he asked me to hold_on.

　　当他放下电话去拿铅笔时，他让我别挂电话。

　　⑥No one can hold_back the wheel of history.

　　没有人能阻挡历史车轮的前进。

　　⑦Seeing her son again after two years' absence, the mother held_out her arms to embrace him.

　　分别两年后再次看到自己的儿子，这位母亲伸出双臂去拥抱他。

　　3．Although these are very important, we communicate with more_than just spoken and written words.

　　尽管这些很重要，但我们并不只是通过口头和书面语言进行交流。

　　本句中“more than＋名词”表示“不仅仅是；不只是”。(1)more than＋数词，表示“超过，多于”，相当于over。

　　(2)more than＋形容词，表示“很；非常”。

　　(3)more than与情态动词can/could连用时，表示“超过了……所能”。

　　(4)more ...than ...“比……更；与其说……不如说……”。

　　(5)no more than＋名词或基数词，表示“不过；仅仅；只有”(侧重数量少)。

　　(6)not more than＋基数词，表示“至多，不超过”。

　　①If there is something else that we can do for you, we are more_than_glad to give a helping hand. (2015·天津高考满分作文)

　　如果还有我们能为你做的事情，我们会非常乐意伸出援手。

　　②It was also much more than we could afford, but far less than the original asking price.(2015·天津高考完形)

　　它也大大超出了我们的承担能力，但是比原价格要便宜得多。

　　③George is more intelligent than aggressive.

　　与其说乔治言行放肆，不如说他聪颖过人。

　　④It's a beautiful cottage not_more_than five minutes from the nearest beach.

　　那是一座漂亮的小屋，离最近的海滩至多5分钟的路程。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空

　　①Please say hello to Mr. Smith for me when you see him.

　　②When we switch on electricity, we get heat from an electric heater.

　　③He paced up and down restlessly, trying to put his thoughts in order.

　　④He lifted up his eyes to the top of the hill when he heard the explosion.

　　⑤If a person hasn't got enough sleep, his actions will give him away during the day.

　　⑥They paid fifty percent of what they were able to earn for their daily goods.

　　⑦I'll make a deal with you — you wash the car for me and I'll let you use it tonight.

　　⑧I missed seeing my brother off at the airport because my car was held up in a traffic jam.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　Yesterday I met Tom in the park ①by_accident (偶然地), where he was walking ②up_and_down (来来回回), apparently anxious about something. I went up and ③said_hello_to (向……问好) him. Then I ④shook_hands_with (与……握手) him and asked him what was the matter. He said his hometown was struck by a heavy flood. We finally ⑤made_a_deal (达成一致) that we would ⑥give_away (捐赠) some money to his hometown to help the victims.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．guard相关短语点点练

　　介、副词填空

　　①Who was on guard when the fire broke out?

　　②The citizens were warned to be on guard against a sudden night attack.

　　③He was punished for being off guard from his post.

　　2．more than相关结构全方位

　　完成句子

　　①帮助那些贫穷的人不仅需要钱，也需要爱。

　　It takes more_than_money to help those in need; it also takes love.

　　②如果你能和我们一块去，我会非常高兴。

　　I will be more_than_happy if you can go together with us.

　　③他只不过是一名普通的警察。

　　He is no_more_than an ordinary policeman.

　　④当儿子再次说谎时，他与其说是愤怒不如说是悲伤。

　　He was more_sad_than_angry when his son lied again.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．Will you do me a favour and translate this sentence into English?

　　2．The hotel rooms vary in size, but all have televisions and telephones.

　　3．You should be on guard when a stranger stands in front of your door.

　　4．My father walked up and down in the room as if he was thinking about something very important.

　　5．He gave away most of his money to the homeless in the earthquake­stricken area.

　　6．I need help because the job is more (much) than I could do myself.

　　7．I think she hurt my feelings on purpose rather than by accident as she claimed.

　　8．During the rush hour, we got held up in the traffic jam on our way back home.

　　9．Getting your students involved (involve) in classroom activities is vitally important.

　　10．After what seemed to be several hours, he came back home.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．Will you make me a favour and make room for my car to pass？make→do

　　2．You are requested not smoke in the restaurant.smoke前加to

　　3．The company has made new deal with a buyer in America.made后加a

　　4．He pretended to be local but his foreign accent gave him out. out→away_

　　5．Judged from his expression, he has passed the examination.Judged→Judging

　　6．Some people tried to stop the fight but I didn't want to get involving.involving→involved

　　7．We hadn't planned to meet. We just met in the hall by the accident.去掉accident前的the

　　8．They finally arrived at where we call “Fairy Land”．where→what

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　①Our English teacher is not only our teacher but also our friend. She has a_great_deal_of (大量的) teaching experience and pays special attention to the interaction between the teacher and the students. We are very happy to have such a good teacher. She treats us equally and always requests_us_to_put (要求我们投入) our heart and soul into our study.

　　Although teaching methods vary_from_teacher_to_teacher (因老师而异), we are all in_favour_of (赞成) her teaching methods. In her class she always involves_us_in (使我们参与到……) every activity. She always asks us all kinds of questions. Whoever knows the answers can hold_up (举起) his or her hand and answer them. If the question is a bit difficult, she will ask us to discuss in groups.

　　②We believe that with her teaching us, we will be proud of our achievements in English in the future.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)very→more_than

　　(2)all kinds of→various/a_wide_variety_of

　　(3)ask→request

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用more than句式改写句①

　　Our_English_teacher_is_more_than_our_teacher,_and_she_is_also_our_friend._

　　(2)用what引导的宾语从句改写句②

　　We believe that with_her_teaching_us,_we_will_be_proud_of_what_we_will_achieve

　　_in_English_in_the_future.

　　[课下练高考]

　　一第Ⅱ卷强化增分练——练规范

　　(限时：45分钟)

　　Ⅰ.语法填空

　　(2016·唐山市高三一模)Just as I began a new job in New York, I had to learn another important job: father. I was a businessman. At the office I had three new __1__(project), and at home I had a young son who was growing fast and __2__ (need) me. I was puzzled and didn't know how to deal with the relationship between job and family until one day, during my business trip in Chicago, I came __3__ an old family friend Dan, __4__ was once a patient of my father. He told me something about my father. __5__ was my father that helped him go through the cancer. When Dan knew he got cancer, he was very upset and wanted __6__(give) up, but my father, his doctor, encouraged him to go on __7__(fight) against the cancer. My father said to him, “You have __8__ wonderful life and three fine children. Take some time with them. It's family that we live for — not just ourselves. Think of that __9__ you will know life's worth the fight.” His words touched me, and I __10__(sudden) realized that family is the most important in the world. I should spend more time staying with them.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从一位朋友引述作者父亲的话知道了家庭的重要。

　　1．projects　本句话中有“three”，因此应用project的复数形式。

　　2．needed　此处陈述的是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时。

　　3．across　come across表示“偶然遇见”。

　　4．who　此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“an old family friend Dan”，指人，且在定语从句中作主语，因此只能用who。

　　5．It　本句为强调句It is/was ...that ...。

　　6．to give　动词want后接动词不定式，表示“想做某事”。

　　7．fighting　go on doing表示继续做同一件事；go on to do表示继续做不同的事。

　　8．a　have a wonderful life表示“有一个精彩的生活”。

　　9．and　此处是“祈使句＋and/or＋简单句”的结构，根据上下文可知，此处应用and。

　　10．suddenly　本句中用副词suddenly修饰动词realized。

　　Ⅱ.短文改错

　　Dear Susan，

　　Thank you for your letter. Due to the fact that I am on business in another city, I couldn't reply to your letter in time. Now I am writing to tell you that my city has done to reduce traffic jams in the last few years.

　　First of all, two subways and some expressways have built in my city to ease the traffic pressures. Second, one­way traffic is allowing on some main streets to reduce traffic jams and accidents. Third, public transportation has been improved to make convenient for people to take buses. However, the parking fee is raised in the downtown, which helps to reduce the number of cars come in and out.

　　Now there are more buses and few cars in my city. The traffic is flowing smooth during the rush hour.

　　Can you tell me something about the traffic in your city?

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　答案：第二句：am→was

　　第三句：that→what/all或that前加something/all

　　第四句：have后加been; pressures→pressure

　　第五句：allowing→allowed

　　第六句：make后加it

　　第七句：However→Besides; come→coming

　　第八句：few→fewer

　　第九句：smooth→smoothly

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2016·江西八校联考)某英语论坛发起关于“代沟(generation gap)”的讨论。请你用英文发帖表达你的观点，并谈谈你和父母是如何相处或沟通的。

　　注意：词数100左右。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　参考范文：

　　Some people complain that it is hard to build up a good parent­child relationship because of the generation gap. In my opinion, this mainly results from misunderstandings or a lack of communication.

　　There isn't such a problem in my family. Whenever I am in a difficult situation or have trouble making decisions, I turn to my parents for advice. They are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me. When my parents have difficulties, they also ask for my advice. I like this way of solving problems. In addition, my parents never force me to do what I don't like. I'm glad I have such good parents.

　　练（二阅读理解组合练——练短板

　　(限时：15分钟)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·大连市第二十高级中学高三月考)The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand­written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.

　　The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn't always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has even been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self­confident. It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won't only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it! Body language will determine first if it “clicks”， and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的) level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.

　　语篇解读：本文主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时体态语的重要性。

　　1．What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?

　　A．Interviewers.B．Job­hunting people.

　　C．Employers.

　　D．Lay­off workers.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时体态语的重要性，很明显是写给找工作的人，故选B。

　　2．We can learn from the first paragraph that________.

　　A．hand­written letters are not used in finding a job

　　B．the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better

　　C．body language is more important than spoken words

　　D．the Internet is of significance in applying for a job

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容特别是最后两句可知，网络对于找工作是非常重要的，故选D。

　　3．Using body language well in a job interview will probably ________.

　　A．get rid of the interviewers' prejudice

　　B．determine what position one will get

　　C．increase the possibility to get the wanted job

　　D．help one remove nervousness

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，体态语用得好会增加找到理想工作的机会，故选C。

　　4．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Those using body language are usually confident.

　　B．Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting.

　　C．Body language is a mirror to reflect one's personality.

　　D．People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。通过第二段的内容，特别是第四、五、六句可知，体态语可以体现人的个性，故选C。其他三项文中并未提及，故排除。

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五

　　(2016·唐山市高三一模)A great number of people can get injured or even killed resulting from a human stampede (蜂拥)．The bad thing is that a peaceful group of people can quickly turn into a crazy panicked crowd.__1__If you are in a crowd, the most important thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings and mentally notice the exits. No matter where you are, make sure you always know how to get out. __2__If you are in a crowd of moving people, wet or uneven ground can be slippery or dangerous, causing you to fall.

　　Be aware of the general atmosphere of the event, as panic situations can often be expected. When in danger, a few seconds can make all the difference. If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd, do not fight against the pressure and do not stand still or sit down. __3__Take advantage of any space that may open up and try to move sideways to the crowd movement where the flow is weaker.

　　__4__It gives you movement and protects your chest.

　　If you fall, get up quickly. If you fall and cannot get up, keep moving by crawling in the same direction of the crowd, or if that is not possible, then cover your head with your arms and curl up (蜷缩)．__5__ Sometimes, finding a right posture can save your life.

　　A．Make yourself aware of the type of ground you are standing on.

　　B．Do not lie on your stomach or back, as this dangerously exposes your lungs.

　　C．If you are stepped on, you should shout for help.

　　D．Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd.

　　E．Keep your hands up by your chest, like a boxer.

　　F．Stretch your arms to the full length so that you can make more space to move in the crowd.

　　G．What's worse is that the stampede can be caused while there seems no actual danger.

　　答案：1～5　GADEB

　　Module 4　Great Scientists

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.publish vt.　出版

　　2.breakthrough n.

　　突破

　　3.support vt.

　　支持

　　4.convert vt.

　　改变；转换

　　5.replace vt.

　　取代；以……代替

　　6.victim n.

　　受害者

　　7.escape vi.

　　逃跑；逃避

　　8.straight adj.

　　直的

　　9.clear vi.

　　(烟雾)消散

　　10.producer n．生产者→produce vt.生产→production n．生产；产量

　　11.educate vt.教育→educator n．教育家→education n．教育

　　12.original adj.原来的；最初的→origin n．起源→originate vi.起源

　　13.export vt.出口→import vt.进口

　　14.quantity n．数量→quality n．质量

　　15.brief adj.简短的；简洁的→briefly adv.简短地

　　16.graduate vi.毕业 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业

　　17.personal adj.个人的→personality n．个性；人格

　　18.explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸；爆炸声 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.Though she explained the topic briefly,_we still learned a lot from her brief words.(brief)

　　2.This word originated from a Latin word and the original meaning is quite different from what it is today.(original)

　　3.After graduation,_he is one of the graduates who have graduated this year and are looking for a job.(graduate)

　　4.This factory produces computers. Its producer is very optimistic about the production and sale. (produce)

　　5.The government is attaching more importance to educating the younger generation.In a sense, it is the duty of every educator to do what they can for the cause of education of China.(educate)

　　6.Two bombs exploded in the centre of our city and the explosion caused seven deaths.(explode) 1.“数量”词汇全接触

　　①quantity n．数量

　　②amount n.

　　数量

　　③number n.

　　数量

　　④mass n.

　　大量

　　⑤plenty n.

　　大量

　　⑥countless adj.

　　无数的

　　⑦abundance n.

　　大量

　　2.由breakthrough想到的

　　①outbreak n.

　　爆发

　　②breakfast n.

　　早餐

　　③break­in n.

　　闯入

　　④breakout n.

　　越狱；逃脱

　　3.person一家人

　　①personal adj.

　　个人的

　　②personally adv.

　　就个人而言

　　③personality n.

　　个性

　　④personnel n.

　　全体人员

　　4.educate同根词集锦

　　①education n.

　　教育

　　②educator n.

　　教育家

　　③educated adj.

　　受过教育的

　　④educational adj.

　　教育的

　　⑤educationally adv.

　　从教育上

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.bring_up　培养；养育

　　2.the/a_key_to_(doing)_sth.

　　(做)某事的关键

　　3.experiment_with

　　对……进行实验

　　4.bring_in

　　引进

　　5.as_a_result_of

　　由于……的结果

　　6.carry_out

　　实施；履行

　　7.be_known_for

　　因……而出名/闻名

　　8.be_diagnosed_with

　　被诊断患有……疾病

　　9.earn_one's_living

　　谋生

　　10.come_to/into_power

　　掌权 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.Scientific farming is the/a_key_to the further development of agriculture.

　　2.Do you know when the first Chinese empress (女皇) came_to/into_power？

　　3.New ideas have been brought_in since China was opened to the outside world.

　　4.Some uneducated and unskilled people earn_their_living by doing manual labor (体力活)．

　　5.It was evident from the first that he never intended to carry_out his promise. 1.carry相关短语多棱镜

　　①carry out　实施；履行

　　②carry on

　　继续

　　③carry through

　　贯彻到底

　　④carry away

　　拿走

　　⑤carry back

　　取回

　　2.由the key to想到的

　　①the approach to

　　……的方法

　　②the access to

　　……的通道

　　③the answer to

　　……的答案

　　④the notes to

　　……的注释

　　⑤the entrance to

　　……的入口

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction. 这些管子被绑在一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进。 keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语。 很抱歉让你等了三个小时。I am sorry for having kept_you_waiting for three hours.

　　2.Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world's first astronaut?

　　或者他被带到了太空中数英里的地方，成为了世界上第一个宇航员？ 现在分词短语作结果状语。 他击败了其他所有选手，获得了一等奖。He beat all the other players, winning_the_first_prize.

　　3.In Stephen Hawking's case it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist.

　　就史蒂芬·霍金的情况来说，人们发现他是一个卓越的科学家。 It is/was＋过去分词＋that ...。 据说马云拥有200多亿美元的财产。It_is_said_that Ma Yun possesses a fortune of more than 20 billion dollars.

　　1．support vt.& n．支持；拥护；支撑；供养

　　[教材原句]　The research was supported by the government.

　　这项研究得到了政府的支持。

　　(1)support sb.in sth.　在某方面支持某人

　　support a (one's) family/oneself

　　养家糊口/自力更生

　　(2)come to one's support

　　来支持某人

　　give support to

　　支持，支援

　　in support of

　　支持；拥护

　　①In order to support_his_family,_Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.(2015·广东高考语法填空)

　　为了养家糊口，约翰逊先生开始种植草药和蔬菜。

　　②Only a few people spoke in_support_of the proposal.

　　只有几个人表示支持这一提议。

　　2．quantity n．数量；大量

　　[经典例句]　The data is limited in terms of both quality and quantity.(牛津P1406)

　　这份资料在质量和数量上都很有限。

　　a large (good)/small quantity of大/少量的large quantities of

　　大量的，许多的

　　in quantity

　　大量地

　　in quantity and quality

　　在数量和质量上

　　①Large quantities of clothes and food were (be) provided for the earthquake areas last week.

　　上周，大量的衣物和食物提供给了地震灾区。

　　②We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in_quantity.

　　如果你能大量购买，我们能给你一个更好的价格。

　　[名师指津]　a quantity of/large quantities of后可接不可数名词也可接可数名词的复数形式，但当它作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般根据quantity的单复数形式而定。

　　3．escape v．& n．逃跑；逃避；逃脱；(气体、液体等)漏出；被遗忘

　　[教材原句]　The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.

　　中国人发现从管子中冒出的气体能使它升到天空中去。

　　(1)escape (doing) sth.　逃脱(做)某事

　　escape from/out of ...

　　从……逃跑，逃走

　　escape sb./one's attention/notice

　　逃过某人的注意；被某人遗忘

　　(2)have a narrow escape

　　九死一生

　　make one's escape

　　逃脱；逃走

　　①When a man with an evil intention attacks us, we can give him an electric shock and escape from/out_of danger.(2017·湖南高考满分作文)

　　当一个邪恶之人袭击我们时，我们会给他一个电击并逃离危险。

　　②The driver narrowly escaped being_killed (kill) in the traffic accident.

　　这名司机在车祸中差一点被撞死。

　　4．clear vi.(烟雾)消散；变清澈；(天)变晴 vt.使清澈；使清楚，清除，扫清 adj.清澈的；晴朗的；清晰的；畅通的

　　[教材原句]　When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.

　　当烟雾散去后，万虎和他的座椅都消失了。

　　(1)clear away清除；驱散；拿走；收拾

　　clear up

　　放晴；整理；清理；消除(误会)

　　clear off

　　走开；清除

　　clear one's throat

　　(说话前)清嗓子

　　(2)make ...clear

　　阐明；清楚表明

　　It is clear that ...

　　显然……

　　①It's raining now, but I think it will clear_up soon.

　　天还在下雨，不过我想天很快就会放晴。

　　②It_is_clear_that high­tech equipment has become popular among teenagers and changed their way of life.(2017·重庆高考满分作文)

　　显然，高科技设备在年轻人中已普及并改变了他们的生活方式。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．Humans will never be replaced by robots. We are their masters forever.

　　2．His success was a long story, but in brief, he succeeded after many failures.

　　3．With the development of economy, my hometown has converted from a small town into/to a modern city.

　　4．This is a copy of the famous picture, and the original (origin) work is now in the British Museum.

　　5．The force of the explosion (explode) broke all the windows in the building.

　　6．The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing will_be_published (publish) shortly.

　　7．Scientists have_made_a_breakthrough (已有所突破) in their treatment of the disease.

　　8．Some experts have spoken in_support_of (支持) the ban of drunk driving.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．quantity面面观

　　单句语法填空

　　①Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.

　　②Large quantities of sand were (be) washed down the hillside by the heavy rain.

　　③As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has (have) covered the land.

　　2．escape多棱镜

　　(1)完成句子

　　①我记得以前在某个地方见过他，但一时想不起他的名字。

　　I remember seeing him somewhere before, but his name escapes_me for the moment.

　　②他设法从监狱中逃了出来，并隐藏了9年的时间。

　　He managed to escape_from_prison,_and spent 9 years in hiding.

　　(2)句型转换

　　③She was lucky to escape punishment.

　　→She was lucky to escape being punished.

　　④He narrowly escaped in the earthquake.

　　→He had a narrow escape in the earthquake.

　　3．clear万花筒

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①They should clear away the toys on the floor and made room for others.

　　②I made it clear to him that he was no longer welcome here.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　The fog cleared and it ③cleared_up (放晴了). In the hall sat a professor, who was going to give a report on how to learn maths well. Before giving it, the professor ④cleared_his_throat (清了清喉咙). In order to ⑤make_himself_clear (清楚地表达自己的观点), he also used facial expressions. His excellent lecture ⑥cleared_up (消除) the mystery of maths.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出straight的词性和词义

　　(A)adj.直的；直线的(B)adj.坦诚的；坦率的

　　(C)adv.连续地；不间断地

　　(D)adj.正确的；可靠的

　　(E)adv.直接；径直地

　　1．We decided to go straight home.__E__

　　2．A straight line is the shortest distance between two points.__A__

　　3．Mr. Johnson has a reputation of straight talking.__B__

　　4．Be sure you have your facts straight.__D__

　　5．We had been driving for five hours straight and needed to have a rest.__C__

　　1．earn one's living谋生

　　[教材原句]　(He) got a job in an office to earn his living.

　　(他)在一家事务所工作以谋生。

　　earn/make a living by/from　靠……谋生

　　earn one's own living

　　自食其力

　　earn money/a fortune

　　挣钱/大钱

　　earn sb. praise/a reputation

　　为某人赢得赞扬/名声

　　①Then the Johnsons had to make_a_living without the cow.(2015·广东高考语法填空)

　　于是约翰逊一家人不得不在没有奶牛的情况下谋生。

　　②Since his parents died early, he had to earn_his_own_living when he was a teenager.

　　因双亲早亡， 他十几岁的时候就不得不独自谋生。

　　③Saving a girl from the river earned_him_a_good_reputation.

　　从河里营救了一个女孩为他赢得了好的名声。

　　2．come to/into power掌权；上台；执政

　　[教材原句]　(He) left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.

　　希特勒上台时(他)离开了德国，去美国工作了。

　　in power当权

　　take/seize power

　　夺取政权

　　beyond one's power

　　不能胜任

　　within/in one's power

　　有能力；力所能及

　　①The government in_power is devoted to the improvement of education.

　　这一届政府致力于提高教育。

　　②It is quite beyond_my_power. I'm determined to give it up.

　　这大大超出了我的能力，我决定放弃。

　　[名师指津]　come to power 与 be in power 都表示“掌权”，但前者表示动作，不能与时间段连用；后者表示状态，可以与时间段连用。

　　3．The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep_the_rocket_moving in a straight direction.

　　这些管子被绑在一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进。

　　keep sb./sth.doing sth.“让某人/某物一直做某事”。keep用于复合结构，其宾语补足语可以是介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词等。

　　①To keep the feet dry_and_comfortable,_this new kind of shoes is equipped with a micro­fan. (2017·湖南高考书面表达)

　　为了让我们的脚干燥舒服，这种新鞋配备了微型电扇。

　　②When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always keep my sheep tied (tie) to a tree on the riverbank.

　　白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上。

　　③The question kept me wondering (wonder) for the rest of the night. I realized the tough decisions adults had to make.(2017·天津高考完形)

　　我接下来的整个晚上一直在想这个问题。我意识到了大人们必须要做的艰难的决定。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空

　　①Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology.

　　②As a result of poor management, there is often trouble in the factory.

　　③The key to the whole affair was that the way he dealt with it was not proper.

　　④She was diagnosed with cancer when she was twenty.

　　⑤Suzhou, which is the place I want to visit this summer, is known for its beautiful gardens.

　　⑥His parents died, leaving (leave) him an orphan.

　　⑦The attack is believed to have been carried out during the early morning hours.

　　⑧My father used to earn his/a living by repairing shoes.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　Wang Dong was born and ①brought_up (养育) in a remote mountain village, where people mainly ②earned_their_living (谋生) by farming.

　　③As_a_result_of (由于……的结果) lack of advanced farming technique, they lived a hard life. Then Wang Dong realized that ④the_key_to (……的关键) a better life was to have advanced technology, and after new technique was ⑤brought_in (引进), their life was getting better and better.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．power相关短语点点练

　　介词填空

　　①The party expects to be back in power after the election.

　　②I will do everything in/within my power to help you.

　　③When the new ruler came to/into power, he made peace with all his former enemies.

　　2．“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构全方位

　　(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①Keep your mouth shut (shut) and your eyes open (open)．

　　②They use computers to keep the traffic running (run) smoothly.

　　③Please remain seated and keep your seat belts fastened (fasten)．

　　(2)完成句子

　　④我们必须保持教室干净整洁。

　　We should keep the classroom clean_and_tidy.

　　⑤他出去时把所有的灯都开着。

　　He kept_all_the_lights_on when he went out.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．The key to success is to be ready from the start.

　　2．The old man entered the room supported (support) by his grandson.

　　3．New means of transport make it possible to travel around cities within hours.

　　4．As soon as their party came to/into power, they changed the law.

　　5．Doctors have made a great breakthrough in curing this uncommon disease.

　　6．His first poem was_published (publish) when he was eighteen years old.

　　7．Cheap goods are available, but not in sufficient quantity to satisfy demand.

　　8．The murderer tried to escape being_caught (catch) by the police but in vain.

　　9．He was diagnosed with cancer so he was filled with despair.

　　10．Please keep us informed (inform) of any change of address as soon as possible.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．He can earn his life by selling newspapers.life→living

　　2．The book which published last month sold well.which后加was

　　3．The boss made clear to him that he was fired.made后加it

　　4．Memorizing a large number of words is the key to improve your English.improve→improving

　　5．Large quantities of money has been spent in bringing up his children so far.has→have

　　6．“Justice has long arms.” Those who break the law will not escape punishing.punishing→punishment

　　7．I'm sorry to have kept you wait so long but I had something urgent to deal with.wait→waiting

　　8．After the earthquake, the electricity supply failed, made the cooling system break down.made→making

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　In China, large_quantities_of (许多) parents left their children at home in order to earn_a/their_living (谋生). Li Ming was one of the examples. He was brought_up (养育) in a remote village. ①When he was very young, his parents let his granny take care of him because they had to go to a big city to raise their family. Li Ming made_it_clear_that (清楚地表明) he would like his parents to accompany him but they told him they couldn't.

　　Nothing can take the place of parents' love, so Li Ming often felt lonely. ②In school he couldn't concentrate on his study; as a result, he fell behind others. After school he was addicted to computer games, for the purpose of getting away from the real world. One day, a traffic accident occurred and luckily he had_a_narrow_escape (死里逃生). On hearing the bad news, his parents returned home at once, determined never to leave him at home again.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)raise→support

　　(2)take the place of→replace

　　(3)getting away→escaping

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用“keep＋宾语＋宾补”改写句①

　　When_he_was_very_young,_his_parents_kept_his_granny_taking_care_of_him because they had to go to a big city to raise their family.

　　(2)用现在分词短语作结果状语改写句②

　　In_school_he_couldn't_concentrate_on_his_study,_thus_falling_behind_others.

　　[课下练高考]

　　阅读理解提速练——练速度

　　(限时：20分钟)

　　A

　　(2016·华中师大附中高三上学期期中检测)Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against malaria (疟疾). This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within China.

　　Tu shared the prize with Irish­born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honored for their revolutionary anti­roundworm treatment. 84­year­old Tu is awarded this prize for her contribution to cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients' suffering and promoting mankind's health. Although she received several medical awards in the past, the 2015 Nobel Prize is definitely the most privilege reward that recognizes Tu's dedication and perseverance in discovering artemisinin (青蒿素), the key drug that battles malaria­friendly parasites (寄生虫).

　　However, her route to the honor has been anything but traditional. She won the Nobel Prize for medicine, but she doesn't have a medical degree or a PhD. In China, she is even being called the “three­noes” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she's never worked overseas. No wonder her success has stirred China's national pride and helped promote confidence of native Chinese scientists.

　　The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds reminds us that science should be more accessible to all. One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research. There have been discussions on people who really love science but are never able to achieve much during their whole life. Their contributions can never be ignored. They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future researchers will be closer to the right one.

　　As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of natural science award, Tu's record­breaking winning also serves as a reminder to those who are too eager for instant success. Science is never about instant success. Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is officially acknowledged. There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。中国女科学家屠呦呦获得了2015年度诺贝尔医学奖，作为一名“三无”无医学学位、无博士学位、无海外经历获奖者，她带给我们很多值得思考的东西。

　　1．We can know from the text that ________.

　　A．Tu worked at home and abroad to conduct her research

　　B．Tu got the Nobel Prize for her anti­roundworm treatment

　　C．the Nobel Prize is the first award to recognize her work

　　D．her discovery of artemisinin has helped to cut malaria death rate

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中“she's never worked overseas”可知A项错误；根据第二段第一句可知，进行anti­roundworm treatment的是爱尔兰和日本的两位科学家，故B项错误；根据第二段最后一句可知，屠呦呦曾经获得过几个医学奖项，故C项错误。根据第二段第二句可知D项正确。

　　2．The author seems to agree that a person who is more likely to become a scientist is the one with________.

　　A．a sense of national pride

　　B．relevant academic knowledge

　　C．a desire to achieve success

　　D．enthusiasm for scientific research

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，一个人无论什么背景、来自何处，只要专心于科学研究，就有可能成为一名科学家，故选D。

　　3．In writing the passage, the author intends to________.

　　A．inform readers of the news and make comments

　　B．discourage the pursuit of instant success in science

　　C．remind readers of the principles of scientific research

　　D．praise the award winner and encourage scientific research

　　解析：选A　写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者首先告知大家屠呦呦获奖的消息，然后对此进行评论，故选A。

　　B

　　(2016·石家庄高三教学质检二)Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart. They will in a lifetime, push the chrome­plated_contraptions many miles. But few will know — or even think to ask — who it was that invented them.

　　Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

　　One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

　　On June 4, 1937, Goldman's first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn't wait to see them using his invention.

　　But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

　　After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren't using his carts. “Don't you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket？” one shopper replied.

　　But Goldman wasn't beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony (假的) customers.

　　As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come — those who came bought more. With larger easier­to­handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

　　Today's shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman's original model. Perhaps that's one reason why Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937 — the coming of the shopping cart.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了Goldman发明购物车的原因、经过和结果。

　　4．What do the underlined words “chrome­plated contraptions” in the first paragraph refer to?

　　A．Baskets.　B．Private cars.

　　C．Suitcases.

　　D．Shopping carts.

　　解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“... a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart.”可以得出，画线词的意思是购物手推车。

　　5．What was the purpose of Goldman's invention?

　　A．It was to prove him to be a good inventor.

　　B．It was to reduce the burden of his employees' work.

　　C．It was to make shopping easier and attract more business.

　　D．It was to help the disabled make shopping easily in his market.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“... make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.”可知，C项正确。

　　6．Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market in order to ________.

　　A．attract people to buy things in his market

　　B．encourage people to use his shopping carts

　　C．make his market different from the others

　　D．keep the groceries from being stolen

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第七段中的“... persuade people to give them a try.”可知，他雇一些人假装顾客在超市里面推购物车的目的是想鼓励人们使用他的购物车。

　　7．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

　　A．Goldman will become very famous because of his invention.

　　B．Goldman's invention will be regarded as the greatest one in the world.

　　C．Supermarket business has benefited a lot from Goldman's invention.

　　D．There will be nothing that can replace Goldman's invention.

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，现今购物车是Goldman发明的购物车的五倍大，那就可能是美国人今天的购物花费是购物车发明之前的五倍的一个原因。由此可推断出，超市的生意从Goldman的发明中受益匪浅。

　　C

　　(2016·甘肃省高三第一次诊断)

　　Washington D．C. is No.1

　　It is best known as a city of monument. In the middle of traffic circles or on street corners, you'll find statues, plaques (匾牌), and simple blocks of marble there. They honor the people who helped shape the US.

　　And on Oct. 20, Lonely Planet, one of the world's largest travel guides, named Washington D．C. the No.1 city in its list of “Best in Travel 2015”．

　　“The year 2015 is a fantastic year to visit Washington D．C.，” Tom Hall, editorial director of Lonely Planet, told The Guardian. “The 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's assassination (暗杀) makes this year big for Washington D．C. The famous top hat of America's 16th president and the gun that fired the deadly shot will be on display. Add that to its incredible eats, performing arts and museums. The nation's capital is looking better than ever.”

　　There are a lot of free museums in the city. When British scientist James Smithson died in 1829, he left a will giving his money to the United States to open a museum at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution. It has turned out to be a wonderful gift, and the institution now covers 19 museums. And of course, no Washington tour is complete without seeing the White House, the Capitol, and the Supreme Court, which are home to the three pillars (核心) of the

　　US government. But there is more to explore in the center of the US power. It is a city you can walk across, with wide­open avenues, old neighborhoods, and river views.

　　And as USA_Today notes, diversity is another reason to “fall in love with the city”. “There is a lot of diversity in Washington D．C., seen in its people, its neighborhoods and its landmarks. From Chinatown to Little Ethiopia, visiting the nation's capital is like seeing the world in one trip，” said the newspaper.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，列举了种种理由力证华盛顿是2015年最值得旅游参观的地方。

　　8．One of the reasons why Washington D．C. is worth a visit in 2015 is that ________.

　　A．food and performing arts there are much better than anywhere else in the world

　　B．the top hat of 15th president of America will be on show in the year 2015

　　C．seeing the museums will make your tour in Washington D．C. complete

　　D．the diversity of the city offers you an opportunity to see more in one trip

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“diversity is another reason to ‘fall in love with the city’”和“From Chinatown to ... in one trip”可知，多元化的华盛顿可以让你在一次旅行中看到更多，故选D项。

　　9．Which of the following details is RIGHT according to the article?

　　A．The 150th anniversary of Lincoln's assassination makes the tour more worthwhile.

　　B．The first reason why Washington D．C. is worth a visit is that it is the capital of the country.

　　C．Lonely Planet decides to make Washington D．C. a most­visited place in 2015.

　　D．All the museums in Washington D．C. were named after the Smithsonian Institution.

　　解析：选A　正误判断题。根据第三段中的“The 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's assassination (暗杀) makes this year big for Washington D．C.”可知，林肯被刺杀150周年纪念将成为华盛顿旅游的一大亮点，故A项正确；B项文章中并未提到华盛顿值得一游的第一个原因是它是美国的首都；C项歪曲原文，《孤独星球》的编辑主任介绍了2015年华盛顿的情况，但并不是他们决定让华盛顿成为2015年最值得旅游的城市；D项说所有的博物馆太过绝对。

　　10．What is USA Today according to the last paragraph?

　　A．A well­known company.

　　B．A newspaper.

　　C．An advanced institution.

　　D．A website.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“And as USA_Today notes ... said the newspaper.”可知，USA Today 是一份报纸。

　　Module 5　A Trip Along the Three Gorges

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.flat adj.平坦的

　　2.colleague n.

　　同事

　　3.goods n.

　　货物

　　4.trade vi.

　　做生意

　　5.narrow vi.

　　变狭窄

　　6.exploit vt.

　　开发

　　7.remote adj.

　　遥远的

　　8.spot n.

　　地点；场所

　　9.view n.

　　景色；风景

　　10.shore n.

　　(海、湖、河等的)岸

　　11.surround vt.围绕；环绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境

　　12.distant adj.遥远的→distance n．距离

　　13.forbid vt.禁止→forbidden adj.被禁止的

　　14.mountainous adj.多山的→mountain n．山；山脉

　　15.varied adj.多变化的→vary v．变化；改变→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．种类；多样性

　　16.naturally adv.自然地→natural adj.自然的→nature n．自然；天性 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.People in mountainous regions see lots of mountains as a common sight in their life.(mountainous)

　　2.The man is always distant towards his neighbors, so his neighbors often keep him at a distance.(distant)

　　3.There is a variety of books in the library. Children can read various books here.(varied)

　　4.It is her nature to trust whoever she meets. So naturally,_she is often taken in by others.(naturally)

　　5.As a famous pop star, he loves being surrounded by so many fans coming to visit him from the surrounding cities. And he also likes beautiful surroundings with green trees and flowers. (surround) 1.“山”相关名词全接触

　　①valley　山谷

　　②peak

　　山顶；山峰

　　③mountain

　　山；山脉

　　④hill

　　小山

　　⑤range

　　山脉

　　⑥cave

　　山洞

　　2.“岸边”名词荟萃

　　①shore岸

　　②beach海滩

　　③coast海岸

　　④bank岸

　　3.由surround想到的

　　①round adj.

　　圆的

　　prep.

　　在周围

　　②around prep.

　　环绕

　　③surrounding adj.

　　周围的

　　④surroundings n.

　　环境

　　4.“复数名词”一览

　　①goods货物

　　②arms武器

　　③clothes衣服

　　④Customs海关

　　⑤manners礼节

　　⑥regards问候

　　⑦thanks感谢

　　⑧troops军队

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.at_the_edge_of　在……的边缘

　　2.have_four_weeks_off

　　休四周假

　　3.at_least

　　至少

　　4.go_through

　　穿过；经历；仔细检查

　　5.be_heavy_with

　　有大量的……；充满

　　6.take_advantage_of

　　利用

　　7.in_the_distance

　　在远处

　　8.rip_off

　　敲竹杠；敲诈

　　9.get_a_kick_out_of_

　　(俚语)从……中得到乐趣

　　10.all_the_way

　　一路 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.How could she keep smiling after all she had gone_through？

　　2.Even if you can't help him, at_least you can give him encouragement.

　　3.The New Year is coming. The air is_heavy_with joy and smell of fireworks.

　　4.Some seafood restaurants near the seaside make illegal money by ripping_off tourists. 1.“v.＋through”短语集汇

　　go through

　　经历；经过

　　get through

　　用完；耗尽

　　look through

　　快速；查看

　　pull through

　　康复；痊愈

　　see through

　　看透；识破

　　2.“充满……”短语荟萃

　　be heavy with

　　充满

　　be filled with

　　被……充满

　　be full of

　　充满

　　be crowded with

　　充满

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college. 他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。 be to do sth.表示“按照计划或安排将要做某事”。 火车将于下午一点到达上海。The train is_to_arrive_in Shanghai at 1：00 pm.

　　2.Nearly 100 million people live here, most of them in the east. 差不多一亿人口居住在此地，绝大多数在东部。 “代词＋介词短语”构成独立主格结构。 很多专家参加了这次会议，其中大多数来自美国。Many experts attended the conference, most_of_them_from_the_United_States.

　　3.I'm allowed to stick one in only if I've been in a place for more than 24 hours.

　　只有当我待在一个地方超过24小时，我才允许自己扎一个别针在地图上。 only if 引导条件状语从句，意为“只有……才……”。 只有你努力学习，你才能通过这门课程。You'll pass this course only_if_you_study_hard.

　　1．forbid vt.禁止

　　[教材原句]　Swimming from the boat is forbidden.

　　禁止从船上下去游泳。

　　(1)forbid doing sth.　禁止做某事

　　禁止某人做某事

　　(2)forbidden adj.

　　被禁止的；禁用的

　　We should take measures to forbid returning (return) illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.

　　我们应采取措施禁止地沟油回流餐桌。

　　Her mother forbids her to_stay (stay) out after midnight.

　　她母亲不准她午夜不归。

　　2．spot n．地点；场所；斑点；污点v.发现；认出；弄脏

　　[教材原句]　The most beautiful spot on the river is the Three Gorges.

　　这条河流上最漂亮的地点是三峡。

　　(1)on the spot在现场；当场

　　in a spot

　　处于困境

　　(2)be spotted with

　　满是……斑点

　　①Luckily, there was a doctor on_the_spot when the accident happened.

　　幸运的是，事发时现场有一位医生。

　　②This is the very spot where we last met.

　　这就是我们上次见面的地方。

　　[名师指津]　spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where来引导。

　　3．view n．景色；风景；观点；见解vt.把……视为……；观看

　　[教材原句]　He always chooses a postcard with a beautiful view, and sticks on an interesting stamp.

　　他总是选一张有美丽风景的明信片，并贴上一张有趣的邮票。

　　(1)come into view看得见，进入视野

　　in view

　　在视野范围内

　　have a good view of

　　清楚地看到；饱览

　　in view of

　　鉴于；考虑到

　　in one's view ＝ from one's point of view

　　在某人看来

　　(2)view ... as ...

　　把……看作……

　　①As the car approached the town center, several tall buildings came_into_view.

　　随着汽车驶近镇中心，几座高大的建筑物进入了视野。

　　②Once, I was faced with great difficulty in learning English, especially in vocabulary and grammar, which, from_my_point_of_view,_is unlikely to overcome.(2017·山东高考写作)

　　我一度在学习英语中面临巨大的困难，特别是在词汇和语法方面，在我看来，这些都不可能克服。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)

　　1．Life should be varied (vary) and interesting, unexpected and changing.

　　2．Naturally (natural) enough, she wanted her child to grow up fit and strong.

　　3．He answered it on the spot when asked the question.

　　4．When I got back home I saw a note pinned (pin) to the door.

　　5．Brought up by his granny, the boy was distant toward his own parents.

　　6．The gap between the two teams has narrowed to 3 points.

　　7．In modern times, many youths like to trade with others on the Internet.

　　8．I live in a very old town surrounded by/with beautiful woods.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．forbid全扫描

　　(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①It is not allowed to approach the forbidden (forbid) area.

　　②The manager forbids smoking (smoke) during office hours.

　　③We were forbidden to_stick (stick) our heads out of the window when the train was moving.

　　(2)一句多译

　　老师不允许我们上课大声交谈。

　　④The teacher forbids us to talk aloud in class.

　　⑤The teacher forbids us from talking aloud in class.

　　⑥The teacher doesn't allow us to talk aloud in class.

　　⑦The teacher doesn't permit us to talk aloud in class.

　　2．view多棱镜

　　(1)介词填空

　　①The lake came into view as we turned the corner.

　　②In my view, what this country needs is to develop its economy.

　　③The Internet is viewed by many as a revolutionary education tool.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①站在这个楼顶上，你可以饱览这个城市的景色。

　　Stand on the top of the building, and you can have_a_good_view_of the city.

　　②鉴于时间有限，每个人只能讲5分钟。

　　In_view_of the shortage of time, each person can only speak for 5 minutes.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出spot的词性和词义

　　(A)n.地点；场所　(B)n.斑点；污点　(C)v.发现

　　(D)v.认出

　　(E)v.弄脏

　　1．Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove.__B__

　　2．Neighbors spotted smoke coming out of the house.__C__

　　3．They are building their house at a beautiful spot.__A__

　　4．I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall.__D__

　　5．The floor was spotted with paint, which made him embarrassed.__E__

　　1．get a kick out of(俚语)从……中得到乐趣

　　[教材原句]　I get a kick out of travelling.

　　我从旅行中得到了乐趣。

　　(1)for kicks为了追求刺激

　　(2)kick against

　　抱怨；反对

　　kick off

　　(足球)开赛/球；脱掉；甩

　　kick away

　　不断地踢；踢开

　　kick out

　　撵走；开除

　　kick the habit of

　　克服……的习惯

　　①I don't expect to win when I bet — I do it for_kicks.

　　打赌时我并不想赢——我是为了寻求刺激。

　　②Back at the camp you can kick_off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine.(2015·重庆高考阅读)

　　回到营地，你可以脱掉靴子享受美食与美酒。

　　2．go through通过(考试；法案等)；经过(某场所)；经历；详细检查，查看；完成；用完，耗尽

　　[教材原句]　The next day we went through the big gorges on the Yangtze River.

　　第二天，我们经过了长江的大峡谷。

　　[一词多义]　写出下列句中go through的含义

　　①When you're going through a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.经历

　　②As soon as the law goes through, more food in the supermarket will have to be marked with its origin.通过

　　③I went through my homework to make sure that nothing had been missed.详细检查，查看

　　④Australia was so expensive — we went through all our money in one week.用完，耗尽

　　go after　追求；追逐

　　go by

　　过去；流逝

　　go on (with)

　　继续

　　go against

　　不利于；违背；反对

　　go in for

　　爱好；参加；从事

　　go over

　　复习；重温；仔细检查

　　go out

　　熄灭；不时兴；出去

　　⑤The first thing to do is to decide what kind of work you'd like, and then go_after it.

　　首先要做的决定是你想做哪种工作，然后去追求它。

　　3．He and a colleague were_to_spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college.

　　他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。

　　were to spend ...是be to do sth.结构，在此处表示“按照计划或安排将要做某事”。

　　be to do sth.的用法还有：

　　(1)表示命令、义务、职责等，可译作“应该，必须”。长辈要求晚辈或上级要求下级做某事时常用这一句型。

　　(2)表示不可避免将要发生的事或命中注定的事。

　　①The prize­giving ceremony is_to_be_held from 15：00 to 17：00 on June 18.(2017·辽宁高考满分作文)

　　颁奖仪式将在6月18日15：00至17：00举行。

　　②You are_to_arrive at the spot before five this afternoon.

　　你们必须在今天下午五点以前到达现场。

　　③At college, Barack Obama didn't know that he was_to_become the first black president of the United States of America.(2015·陕西高考单选)

　　在大学时，贝拉克·奥巴马不知道他会成为美国第一任黑人总统。

　　[名师指津]　(1)be about to do ...表示“即将发生的动作”，不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用，常用于be about to do ... when ...，意为“正要做……这时……”。

　　(2)be going to do ...多用于口语，强调事先打算、计划要做某事或根据某种迹象要发生某事。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空

　　①I could hear the bird whistling at the edge of the woods.

　　②The house still needed a lot of work, but at least the kitchen was finished.

　　③The orange trees are heavy with fruits this year because of the fine weather.

　　④Some tourists complained of being ripped off by local cab drivers.

　　⑤After the examination, the teacher will have four weeks off.

　　⑥The sound of the cheering was dying away in the distance.

　　⑦Many people attended the meeting, most of them scientists.

　　⑧I'd like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my thanks for your help.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　To Tom's great joy, he will ①have_four_weeks_off (休四周假) next month. He is so happy that he even feels the air ②is_heavy_with (充满) smells of happiness. He decides to ③take_advantage_of (利用) the vacation to go on a trip. Although in some places he may sometimes ④be_ripped_off (被敲诈) by the local people, he can still ⑤get_a_kick_out_of (从……中得到乐趣) it. Because the trip will ⑥at_least (至少) provide him a chance to be close to nature.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．kick相关短语点点练

　　单句语法填空

　　①Alice gets a kick out of teaching children how to read and write.

　　②The final game will kick off at 2 o'clock.

　　③I can't believe that Glen's wife kicked him out.

　　2．go相关短语万花筒

　　介、副词填空

　　①He has gone through a lot of hardship and become stronger.

　　②As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to go by so quickly.

　　③We were studying quietly in the classroom when the lights suddenly went out.

　　④The actor went over his lines for many times in case he forgot.

　　⑤If you go in for a particular activity, you decide to do it as a hobby or interest.

　　3．be to do sth.句型全方位

　　完成句子

　　①所有驾驶员都要遵守交通规则。

　　All the drivers are_to_obey the traffic regulations.

　　②这种药一天要服三次。

　　The medicine is_to_be_taken three times a day.

　　③因特网的发明注定要改变我们相互交流的方式。

　　The invention of the Internet is_to_change the way we communicate with each other.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．He was hit by a truck and died on the spot.

　　2．Tom's father is a merchant and is often busy trading (trade) with other people.

　　3．Jack got a kick out of going for a walk after dinner when he was young.

　　4．Surrounded (surround) by a river, the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it.

　　5．The air is heavy with the good smell of fresh flowers.

　　6．Whoever ha gone through sandstorms knows the importance of environmental protection.

　　7．High school boys in the country are forbidden to_wear (wear) long hair.

　　8．A two percent increase in pay is not very much, but at least it's better than nothing.

　　9．You are to_take (take) the responsibility for the mistake.

　　10．In my view, the greatest happiness lies in one's satisfaction with his surroundings.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．Jim is fond of his present job. He must get real kick out of his work.get后加a

　　2．The baby was playing on the carpet surrounding by all kinds of toys.surrounding→surrounded_

　　3．He was in poor health, so the doctor forbade to drink wine.forbade后加him

　　4．In the view of the weather, the event will be held indoors.去掉view前的the

　　5．When he was trying to break into the bank, the thief was caught in the spot.in→on

　　6．Many people joined in the work, some of whom women and children.whom→them或whom后加were

　　7．Only if you have finished your homework can go swimming.can后加you

　　8．No one is going to leave the building without the permission of the police.去掉going

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　John's father is a merchant and is often busy trading_with (与……做生意) other people. However, he is strict about John's studies. ①His requirement is that John should take_advantage_of (利用) all his time to study. When at home, he often looks through John's homework. ②If he finds any mistake in John's homework, he will ask John to correct it immediately. What's more, he doesn't allow John to watch TV from Monday to Friday. Instead, he requires John to study at_least (至少) two hours every evening. In_his_view (依他看来), it is the most important thing that John goes_through (通过) the College Entrance Examination and is admitted to a key university.

　　In my opinion, what John's father does is very wrong. If a child is_heavy_with (充满) pressure, he can't get_a_kick_out_of (从……中得到乐趣) his life. ③We can't get a better result unless we are interested in study and put our heart in it.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分

　　(1)finds→spots

　　(2)doesn't allow→forbids

　　(3)In my opinion→In_my_view/From_my_point_of_view

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用be to do sth.句式改写句①

　　His_requirement_is_that_John_is_to_take_advantage_of_all_his_time_to_study.

　　(2)用现在分词短语作状语改写句②

　　Finding_any_mistake_in_John's_homework,_he_will_ask_John_to_correct_it_immediately.

　　(3)用only if句式改写句③

　　Only_if_we_are_interested_in_study_and_put_our_heart_in_it_can_we_get_a_better_result.

　　[课下练高考]

　　“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型

　　(限时：35分钟)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·山西四校联考三)Last weekend I visited Rome for the first time. I spent three busy days in the Italian capital, seeing lots of tourist attractions and walking down streets lit with Christmas decorations. There are a lot of things I love about the city.

　　Rome is one of the most ancient cities in the world and is full of wonderful relics (遗迹) from its distant past. These monuments include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum where gladiators used to fight each other until death and hunt animals coming from another country. The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating: you can't quite believe how old they are.

　　I studied the masterpieces of the Renaissance period at university and was very excited to see them in real life. I walked around the museum in Vatican City and saw plenty of famous sculptures (雕塑). The best part of the visit was, without doubt, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted in the early 16th century by the great Michelangelo. It was so breathtaking that I couldn't tear my eyes away from it.

　　In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn't of very good quality. I made an effort to find reliable restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region, like pasta with tomato, onion and bacon. I also love eating ice cream and hot chocolate under the Christmas lights.

　　Rome has not only lots of luxury boutiques (精品店) but also plenty of shops that were more in my price range! It was a perfect opportunity to go and buy presents for my family and friends. There was also a Christmas market, where I bought a sparkly decoration for the tree.

　　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己游玩意大利首都罗马的经历和感受。

　　1．The underlined word “gladiators” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “________”．

　　A．athletes　B．butchers

　　C．invaders

　　D．fighters

　　解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线词之后的“used to fight each other until death and hunt animals coming from another country”可知，该词意为“角斗士”。故选D。

　　2．The author found the ruins of buildings and temples fascinating because ________.

　　A．they represent Rome's religion

　　B．they are relics from Rome's distant past

　　C．you can't help wondering how old they are

　　D．they include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“full of wonderful relics (遗迹) from its distant past”和“The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating”可知选B。

　　3．What is mainly discussed in the 3rd paragraph?

　　A．The great museums of Italy.

　　B．The sculptures in Rome.

　　C．Art­related activities during the visit.

　　D．The achievements of the Renaissance period in Italy.

　　解析：选C　段落大意题。本段主要介绍的是作者此次游玩罗马的过程中涉及艺术参观活动。故选C。

　　4．When visiting Rome, you should be careful in choosing ________.

　　A．the attractions

　　B．the food

　　C．the hotels

　　D．the luxury boutiques

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段前两句可知，作者暗示选择食物时要特别小心。故选B。

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五

　　(2016·南昌市高三一模)We have all seen nervous presenters in classrooms and meetings. One effect of being nervous is moving from side to side. __1__ In fact the audience can lose interest in a speaker who does not move.

　　How a speaker moves is important. Whole­body movement should be slow and planned to command attention. Such movement helps to communicate confidence.

　　__2__ But they look at their notes on a paper or at the screen if they have an electronic presentation.

　　With posture, the typical problem for new speakers is that they are often moving back and forth, and they're not facing the audience. They'll often be facing the white board or the screen with slides and be talking to that rather than talking to the audience. The same thing with eye contact with the audience, they find it really, really difficult, because they'll be looking at their notes, they'll be looking at their computer, they'll be looking at the screen, or they will be looking at the floor. The problem of having notes and trying to talk from notes often is a big problem. __3__ The best way to avoid this problem is to use images and few words for notes instead of sentences. The image should help communicate the point you want to make. Writing a few words with the image on your slide helps you remember that point. Then you can look at the audience while speaking.

　　__4__ When you practice, remember these important tips: be aware of your posture, eye contact, and gestures.

　　__5__ Then step by step, you'll become an excellent speaker.

　　A．So they usually have eye contact with the audience.

　　B．So they have trouble with eye contact.

　　C．An important part of public speaking is practice.

　　D．New public speakers know that they should look at the audience while they speak.

　　E．A presenter does not need to stand perfectly still.

　　F．Improve your public speaking with body language.

　　G．Look for opportunities to speak and gain more confidence.

　　答案：1～5　EDBCG

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　(2016·太原市第二学段阶段测评)Landmark College recently put in an additional five speed bumps (减速带), now bringing the number of speed bumps to ten on campus (校园). My guess for __1__ they added more speed bumps is either the administration felt that the students were __2__ too fast, or maybe they just wanted to give us a bumpy ride to annoy us.

　　One may __3__ that the speed bumps they __4__ will just improve safety and decrease __5__， and it does keep cars at a slow speed and gives pedestrians the __6__ they need for __7__ the road to get to class. __8__， adding too many speed bumps could turn a safety precaution to a danger. The speed bumps down the hill are becoming a __9__. For example, driving over the speed bumps __10__ causing wear and tear on a car. I foresee a future problem happening when it starts to __11__. With snow and ice on the ground, some cars may have difficulty __12__ for these speed bumps on the hill. If ice was on the ground, it is very likely that a driver may lose control and __13__ the bumpy hill.

　　The administrators who ordered the speed bumps should reach out and talk it out with the students who have to __14__ the speed bumps every day, and ask __15__ any damage or problems have occurred already.

　　Lately, students have been __16__ anything in their power to avoid as many speed bumps as possible. Some students have even damaged a speed bump or two, but it would be __17__ hours later.

　　It's no surprise that students at Landmark College are __18__ with the new addition, and with so many students getting angry with the __19__， we could finally get the word out and get the administration to make a __20__.

　　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了大学校园路上是否应该安装减速带的问题。

　　1．A.whyB．how

　　C．when

　　D．where

　　解析：选A　根据该空后的解释可知，此处指原因，填why。

　　2．A.running

　　B．speaking

　　C．driving

　　D．walking

　　解析：选C　联系语境可知，安装减速带可能是因为学生“开车(driving)”太快。

　　3．A.agree

　　B．decide

　　C．imagine

　　D．ignore

　　解析：选A　根据该句中的“will just improve safety”可知，此处指有人可能“同意(agree)”安装减速带会提高道路安全。

　　4．A.destroyed

　　B．added

　　C．recommended

　　D．needed

　　解析：选B　联系第一段中的“they added more speed bumps”可知，此处填added。

　　5．A.weight

　　B．speeding

　　C．spending

　　D．crime

　　解析：选B　根据该空后的“keep cars at a slow speed”可知，此处填speeding。

　　6．A.quality

　　B．efficiency

　　C．performance

　　D．safety

　　解析：选D　参见下题解析。

　　7．A.designing

　　B．building

　　C．crossing

　　D．watching

　　解析：选C　根据上文中的“improve safety”可知，可以让行人“安全(safety)”“通过(crossing)”马路去上课。

　　8．A.Therefore

　　B．Otherwise

　　C．However

　　D．Besides

　　解析：选C　该空后提到安装过多减速带的问题与该空前提到的好处形成对比，故用However。

　　9．A.problem

　　B．form

　　C．tool

　　D．rule

　　解析：选A　根据该空前的“a danger”可知，此处填problem符合语境。

　　10．A.keeps off

　　B．stands for

　　C．results from

　　D．ends up

　　解析：选D　车轮磨损是开车越过减速带的结果，故填ends up。

　　11．A.rain

　　B．clear

　　C．snow

　　D．cool

　　解析：选C　根据该空后的“With snow and ice”提示可知此处填snow。

　　12．A.coming down

　　B．slowing down

　　C．settling down

　　D．calming down

　　解析：选B　联系语境，路面有冰雪，斜坡上的一些车辆很难为了减速带而“减速(slowing down)”。

　　13．A.wait for

　　B．stare at

　　C．care about

　　D．slide down

　　解析：选D　根据该空前的“lose control”可知，该空填slide down符合语境。

　　14．A.use

　　B．repair

　　C．check

　　D．remember

　　解析：选A　联系上文可知，此处指学生每天需要“使用(use)”这些减速带。

　　15．A.until

　　B．unless

　　C．if

　　D．since

　　解析：选C　学校的管理者应该问问学生“是否(if)”已经出现了任何损坏或问题。

　　16．A.refusing

　　B．doing

　　C．hugging

　　D．keeping

　　解析：选B　根据该空后的“damaged a speed bump or two”可知，学生最近为了尽量避免减速带正在“做(doing)”一些事。

　　17．A.painted

　　B．replaced

　　C．covered

　　D．studied

　　解析：选B　由该空前的“damaged”可知，填replaced符合语境。

　　18．A.busy

　　B．friendly

　　C．careful

　　D．displeased

　　解析：选D　参见下题解析。

　　19．A.goal

　　B．standard

　　C．situation D．comment

　　解析：选C　倒数第二段中学生对减速带进行破坏的行为说明，学生对增加减速带“不满意(displeased)”，对这一“状况(situation)”很愤怒。

　　20．A.change

　　B．plan

　　C．promise

　　D．wish

　　解析：选A　根据该空前学生的愤怒表现可知，此处指要求管理部门作出“改变(change)”。

　　Module 6　Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.attack vt.　袭击；攻击

　　2.emperor n.

　　皇帝

　　3.claim vt.

　　声称

　　4.calm adj.

　　平静的

　　5.adapt vi.

　　适应；适合

　　6.generous adj.

　　有雅量的；大方的；

　　心地高尚的

　　7.grey adj.

　　灰色的

　　8.reputation n.

　　名誉；名声

　　9.frightening adj.吓人的→frightened adj.害怕的→frighten vt.使害怕→fright n．害怕

　　10.exist vi.存在→existence n．存在

　　11.mysterious adj.神秘的→mystery n．神秘

　　12.destruction n．毁坏→destroy v．毁坏；摧毁→destructive adj.毁灭性的；破坏性的

　　13.positive adj.正面的→negative adj.负面的

　　14.indicate vt.象征；暗示→indication n．象征；迹象

　　15.identity n．身份；特征→identify v．确定；辨别

　　16.fortune n．运气；命运；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.To his fright,_the frightening scene frightened the other frightened children into crying.(frighten)

　　2.There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence.(exist)

　　3.Some natural mysteries of the ancient times are still mysterious to people today.(mysterious)

　　4.People destroy forests and rivers for their own benefit.Their destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction of the earth.(destroy)

　　5.Fortunately,_he came to the new island safely. It is also fortunate for him to make his fortune here.(fortune)

　　6.It's easy to identify the victim but its identity is kept secret.(identity) 1.“颜色”形容词全接触

　　①grey灰色的

　　②green绿色的

　　③blue蓝色的

　　④yellow黄色的

　　⑤black黑色的

　　⑥white白色的

　　⑦purple紫色的

　　⑧brown褐色的

　　2.“帝国”与“王国”词汇一览

　　①prince n.

　　皇子；王子

　　②princess n.

　　公主

　　③emperor n．皇帝→king n．国王

　　④empress n．女皇→queen n．王后

　　⑤empire n．帝国→kingdom n．王国

　　3.由calm想到的

　　①cool adj.　冷静的

　　②quiet adj.

　　安静的

　　③still adj.

　　不动的

　　④silent adj.

　　沉默的

　　4.fortune一家人

　　①misfortune n.

　　厄运

　　②fortunate adj.

　　幸运的

　　③unfortunate adj.

　　不幸的

　　④fortunately adv.

　　幸运地

　　⑤unfortunately adv.

　　不幸地

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.close_to　接近；靠近

　　2.stick_out

　　伸出

　　3.be_sceptical_about

　　对……怀疑

　　4.be_related_to

　　与……有关

　　5.come_straight_to_the_point

　　谈正题；开门见山

　　6.cut_off

　　切断；使隔绝

　　7.throw_light_on/upon

　　阐明某事；照亮

　　8.die_out

　　灭绝

　　9.go_for

　　选择；喜欢

　　10.due_to

　　由于；因……造成 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.Don't waste time! Let's come_straight_to_the_point.

　　2.Your statement doesn't throw_light_on/upon the subject.

　　3.The restaurant's success was largely due_to its new manager.

　　4.Some rare birds in the area are in danger of dying_out because of human activities.

　　5.They were almost completely cut_off from the outside world. 1.“喜欢”短语集锦

　　①go for选择；喜欢

　　②be fond of

　　爱好；喜爱

　　③be keen on

　　热衷于，喜爱

　　④care for

　　关心；喜欢

　　2.light相关短语荟萃

　　①throw light on/upon 阐明某事；照亮

　　②bring ... to light

　　揭露；披露

　　③come to light

　　为人所知

　　④see the light

　　恍然大悟

　　⑤in (the) light of

　　考虑到

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见过一个圆圆的、黑黑的东西在水中快速游动。to have seen是动词不定式的完成式。 为了能出去玩，他假装已经完成了作业。He pretended to_have_finished his homework in order to go out to play.

　　2.They say that the low­temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.

　　他们说，温度低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的生物。 be unlikely to do sth.“做某事是不可能的”。 他们不可能来，因为天气这么糟糕。They are_unlikely_to_come since the weather is so bad.

　　3.Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different colour.

　　也允许皇室的其他成员穿带有龙标志的袍子，但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不同。 “be＋of＋名词”结构，表示主语的类属或属性。 你的朋友可能会有许多不同的类型。Your friends may be of_many_different_kinds.

　　1．attack vt.袭击；攻击；抨击；(疾病)侵袭n.攻击；进攻；抨击；病情发作

　　[教材原句]　It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it.

　　它会经常发怒并会袭击要接近它的任何人。

　　(1)attack sb.for sth.由于某事而责难某人

　　attack sb.with sth.

　　用某物攻击某人

　　be attacked with a disease 患病

　　(2)launch/make an attack on/upon ...

　　对……发动进攻

　　under attack 受到攻击

　　①The dog got angry and made an attack on/upon the naughty boy.

　　这只狗发怒了，袭击了这个调皮的小男孩。

　　②The government has come under_attack for not doing enough to deal with terrorism.

　　政府由于在反恐方面没有做出足够的努力而受到攻击。

　　2．exist vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在

　　[高考佳句]　“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist, ” she says.(2015·全国卷阅读)

　　她说，“如果人们有正常的生活，这些咖啡馆就不会存在。”

　　(1)exist in　存在于

　　exist on ＝ live on

　　靠……生存；靠……生活

　　There exist(s) ...

　　有……

　　(2)existence n.

　　存在；生存；生活

　　in existence

　　现存的；存在的

　　come into existence/being

　　开始存在

　　I can hardly exist_on the wage I'm getting; there is no money for luxuries.

　　我靠我挣的工资简直难以生存，根本没钱买奢侈品。

　　Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came_into_existence.

　　关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种论说。

　　Her greatness exists_in her deep understanding of human nature.

　　她的伟大之处在于她对人性的深刻了解。

　　[写作联想]　例句其他表达方式

　　Her greatness lies in her deep understanding of human nature.

　　②Her greatness consists in her deep understanding of human nature.

　　3．calm adj.平静的；镇静的v.使平静；镇定下来

　　n．平静，宁静

　　[高考佳句]　In my opinion, such wonderful things will calm you down easily and give you the courage to move on.(2017·安徽高考满分作文)

　　依我来看，这样美好的东西很容易让你平静下来，给你继续前进的勇气。

　　(1)calm oneself(使)自己平静下来

　　calm down

　　(使)平静，镇静

　　(2)keep calm

　　保持冷静

　　①She was breathing quickly and tried to calm herself.

　　她呼吸急促，尽力让自己平静下来。

　　②In this state, the baby is difficult to calm_down and sleep is impossible.

　　在这种状态下，婴儿很难安静下来，睡觉是不可能的。

　　4．adapt v．(使)适应；(使)适合；改编；改写

　　[教材原句]　If you can adapt to something, you can change in order to make the situation better.

　　如果你能够适应某物，为了使情况更好一些你可以改变。

　　(1)adapt oneself to使自己适应

　　adapt to

　　适应

　　adapt ...from ...

　　根据……改写/改编……

　　adapt ...for ...

　　改(编)……为……之用

　　(2)adaptable adj.

　　能适应的；可修改的

　　adaptation n.

　　适应；改编；改写本

　　To all of you, fresh students, how to adapt yourselves to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face.(2017·江西高考满分作文)

　　新同学们，对你们大家来说，如何使自己适应新环境是你们首先要面对的事情。

　　The materials can be_adapted_for use by older children.

　　这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。

　　[名师指津]　adopt与adapt词形相近，但adopt意为“采纳；采用；收养”。

　　.基础点全练(用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子)

　　1．It was a very frightening (frighten) experience and they were very courageous.

　　2．There is worldwide concern about the destruction (destroy) of the rain forests.

　　3．There is something mysterious (mystery) about the childhood of this famous writer.

　　4．A warning signal suddenly appeared on the screen, indicating (indicate) the computer was being attacked by a certain virus.

　　5．After long and hard work, the police at last discovered the identity (identify) of the baby found by the side of a road.

　　6．He has been waiting for a chance to_make_a_fortune (发财) overnight.

　　7．Calm_down (安静下来)! I have something important to announce.

　　8．As the victim in the accident, I will_make_a_claim_for (就……索赔) the injuries I suffered.

　　.重难点多练

　　1．attack全扫描

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The computer attacked (attack) by some unknown virus can't work well now.

　　②Many people made an attack on/upon the government's policies.

　　③She started attacking the thief with a piece of wood.

　　(2)完成句子

　　④几天前，由于喝了不干净的水，他患上了痢疾。

　　He was_attacked_with dysentery because of drinking unclean water a few days ago.

　　⑤公司因决定关闭工厂而受到猛烈抨击。

　　The company has come under_fierce_attack for its decision to close the factory.

　　2．exist面面观

　　(1)介词填空

　　①The old man found it difficult to exist on his pension alone.

　　②It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence.

　　(2)完成句子

　　③许多国家仍然存在着包办婚姻的习俗。

　　The custom of arranged marriage still exists_in many countries.

　　④有很多影响孩子未来成功的因素。

　　There_exist many factors influencing the children's future success.

　　⑤没有人知道这种风俗什么时候开始有的。

　　No one knows when such a custom first came_into_existence.

　　3．adapt多棱镜

　　(1)介词填空

　　①The children found it hard to adapt to the new school.

　　②I like Mo Yan, some of whose novels have been adapted for films.

　　(2)完成句子

　　③这部影片是根据一位著名作家的小说改编的。

　　The film was_adapted_from_a_novel written by a famous writer.

　　④当你去国外时，你必须使自己适应新的习俗。

　　When you go to a foreign country, you must adapt_yourself_to_new_customs.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　1．根据语境选出sharp的词性和词义

　　(A)adj.锋利的；尖的　(B)adj.突然的；剧烈的

　　(C)adj.聪明的；敏锐的 (D)adj.尖酸的；刻薄的

　　(E)adj.鲜明的；明显的

　　(F)adv.正点；准时

　　We are leaving at 5 o'clock sharp.__F__

　　②Don't touch the sharp knife or you'll hurt yourself.__A__

　　③His sharp words seemed to hurt her very much.__D__

　　④Shops are reporting a sharp rise in sales of organic produce.__B__

　　⑤Some of these kids are pretty sharp when it comes to maths.__C__

　　⑥The warm weather was in sharp contrast to last year's cold temperature.__E__

　　2．根据语境选出claim的词性和词义

　　(A)v.声称；主张(B)v.索赔　(C)v.认领

　　(D)v.夺去(……的生命)

　　(E)n.权利；资格

　　①The severe flooding has claimed over 500 lives.__D__

　　②She claimed her coat with red buttons on it at the Lost and Found.__C__

　　③The company claims that their product can make you thin without dieting.__A__

　　④He helped us to victory, and that gave him a claim on our gratitude.__E__

　　⑤She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.__B__

　　1．die out灭绝；(习俗、习惯等)消失

　　[教材原句]　Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out.

　　或许太多的争斗使得恐龙灭绝了。

　　die away (声音或感情等)慢慢变弱，渐渐消失

　　die down

　　(风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐平息

　　die off

　　先后死去；一一死去

　　die of/from ...

　　死于……

　　die for

　　为……而死；渴望

　　①When the applause had died down,_she began her speech.

　　掌声平息后，她开始演讲。

　　②The strange noise died_away and an absolute silence closed in upon us.

　　那奇怪的声音慢慢消失了，我们被一片寂静笼罩着。

　　2．due to由于；因……造成

　　[教材原句]　Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of.

　　一些专家认为这是由于那些神话传说中的动物引起的。

　　be due to sb.应付给某人

　　be due for

　　应得到

　　be due to do sth.

　　预计做某事

　　①The bus was due to_arrive (arrive) at 5 pm, but it arrived one hour late due to the heavy fog.

　　公共汽车预计下午五点钟到达，但由于大雾它晚了一个小时。

　　②That money is due_to_me,_but I haven't got it yet.

　　那笔钱是应付给我的，而我至今还未拿到。

　　3．He claims to_have_seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.

　　他声称看见过一个圆圆的、黑黑的东西在水中快速游动。

　　本句中的to have seen是动词不定式的完成式，表示动作发生在句子谓语动作claim之前。

　　动词不定式的三种形式：

　　一般式 to do; to be done 表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间发生或发生在谓语动作之后

　　进行式 to be doing 表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行

　　完成式 to have done; to have been done 表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前

　　①To_learn (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to_take (take) Chinese folk music as an elective course.(2015·福建高考单选)

　　为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克已经决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。

　　②The boy pretended to_be_concentrating (concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.

　　男孩假装正在专注于功课，但事实上他的思想在开小差。

　　③He is thought to_have_acted (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.(2017·江西高考单选)

　　他被认为做了愚蠢的事。现在他失去这份工作只能怨他自己，不能怨别人。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空

　　①Let's come straight to the point because we don't have enough time.

　　②She is of the same age as Mary at her graduation.

　　③The study may throw light on the future development of the Internet.

　　④You mustn't stick out your head when you're in the car.

　　⑤People say apples clean your teeth, but I am sceptical about that myself.

　　⑥He is unlikely to_come (come) here due to the heavy rain.

　　⑦The village was cut off from the outside world by heavy snow for a month.

　　⑧I believe I am close to finding (find) out the answer to the question.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　Why did so many species ①die_out (灭绝)? Some scientists think it is ②due_to (由于) climate change, while others ③are_sceptical_about (对……怀疑) it. Both sides still can't ④throw_light_on (阐明) the real reason. But they all believe they are ⑤close_to (接近) the truth.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．die相关短语点点练

　　完成句子

　　①许多稀有动物正在灭绝，我们必须找到方法保护我们的环境。

　　Many rare animals are_dying_out. We must find ways to protect our environment.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ改编)

　　②在炎热的太阳下工作数小时后，人们真想喝上一杯冰镇啤酒。

　　After hours of working in the hot sun, the men were dying_for a cold beer.

　　③使他非常难过的是，他的小鸡一个个地病死了。

　　To his great sorrow, his chickens were dying_off from the disease.

　　④风完全停了，空气还是跟先前一样地冷。

　　Although the wind now died_down completely, the air was still as cold as before.

　　2．due相关短语一站清

　　单句语法填空

　　①Due to the foreign teacher I had when I was thirteen, my English scores were always on the top ten of my class.

　　②She is due for promotion soon because of her good performance.

　　③His new book is due to_be_published (publish) in November.

　　3．不定式的三种形式全方位

　　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①His new album is said to_be_recorded (record) next month.

　　②The doctor claimed to_have_discovered (discover) a cure for the disease.

　　③He pretended to_be_sleeping (sleep) when his father came in.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.

　　2．After claiming (claim) the luggage at the railway station, we left for the exhibition in a taxi.

　　3．The company has made a fortune even in the present declining economy.

　　4．Some traditional skills are dying out because they fail to appeal to the younger generation.

　　5．The passengers were kept waiting for about three hours due to the heavy fog.

　　6．He said they did not want war, but if attacked (attack) they would fight to the death.

　　7．Calm down. You will all get your turn. One at a time please.

　　8．According to some philosopher, everything in existence (exist) is reasonable.

　　9．They are of different sizes, shapes and metals, but they are exactly the same in weight.

　　10．She is well known to_have_been (be) to many countries, lecturing about animal protection.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．Children need friends at their own age to play with.at→of

　　2．Mrs Green didn't realize there was a gap existed between her and her son.existed→existing

　　3．Jimmy came close to be killed in a traffic accident the other day.be→being

　　4．The animal will defend itself when attacking by making a strange noise.attacking→attacked

　　5．At last the tourists managed to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and frightening.frightening→frightened

　　6．Because of climate becoming worse, several species have already died away.away→out

　　7．Before you start, it seems that the task is unlikely to being accomplished.being→be

　　8．Not only has she adapted her to the fast rhythm of city life, but she is becoming more and more outgoing.her→herself

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　①It is believed that the existence of rare animals has made our world colorful and full of life. Unfortunately, research shows that some of them are dying_out (灭绝) while others are close_to (接近) going extinct. ②Once disappearing from the world, it is impossible for them to come back to life.

　　Now let's come_straight_to_the_point (开门见山). In my opinion, there are two causes for it. One is because they can'tadapt_to (适应) the environment, and the other is due_to (由于) man's destruction. Some people hunt animals to make_a_fortune (发财). Even some people strike animals only for fun, which is completely unacceptable. To our relief, many people have realized the importance of protecting animals and they demand that the government should take measures to protect them.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)shows→indicates

　　(2)disappearing→dying_out

　　(3)strike→attack

　　(4)demand→claim

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用不定式的完成式改写句

　　The_existence_of_rare_animals_is_believed_to_have_made_our_world_colorful_and_full_of_life._

　　(2)用be unlikely to do sth.改写句

　　Once_disappearing_from_the_world,_they_are_unlikely_to_come_back_to_life.

　　[课下练高考]

　　一第卷强化增分练——练规范

　　(限时：45分钟)

　　.语法填空

　　(2016·山西省考前质检)This is a story of a little girl and her grandmother. One day, I was looking for medicine in a store __1__ I saw an old woman with a little girl in her arms. The little girl asked her grandmother, “__2__ do you think about a brand new face cream that is supposed __3__ (reduce) laugh lines？” The grandmother just laughed and said, “Sweetie, I am 80 years old. I __4__ (learn) to love all my laugh lines. I have __5__ (actual) earned every one of them.” Then just to prove her point, she laughed again and amused __6__ granddaughter. The laughter of the little girl and the old woman mixed together with a sound __7__ was as musical and beautiful as an angel's song.

　　I left the store feeling a lot __8__ (good) about all the laugh lines I had earned in my own life. I remembered all the beautiful faces I had seen __9__ the years. Their beauty is ageless no matter how old they are. May you have a time in your life earning __10__ most attractive laugh lines.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小女孩建议自己的奶奶购买消除笑纹的面霜，奶奶回答说，她喜欢自己的笑纹。作者也希望人们能够学会爱上自己的笑纹。

　　1.when　 when在这里表示“就在这时(突然)”。

　　2．What　 What do you think about sth. ？表示“你认为……怎么样？”。

　　3．to reduce　 be supposed to do sth.意为“应当做某事”，故此处填 to reduce。

　　4．have learned/have learnt　根据上下文语境可知，奶奶已经学会爱上自己的笑纹，所以用现在完成时。

　　5．actually　形容词 actual 转换为副词 actually，修饰整个句子。

　　6．her　根据该句主语 she 可知，应填形容词性物主代词 her。

　　7．that/which　分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，先行词是 a sound，关系词在从句中作主语，故用 that/which。

　　8．better　根据语境以及空前的“a lot”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，good 的比较级是better。

　　9．over　over the years 表示“历年来，多年以来”。

　　10．the　形容词最高级前应用定冠词the。

　　.短文改错

　　(2016·郑州第三次质量预测)About a month ago, I was walking alone on the beach in the evening. I have already finished my homework, and I wanted to relax. Suddenly, I saw two children stand on the beach. They seem to have found something made of metal, which was big and reddish­brown. When I took a look at it, I knew immediate that it was an old bomb! I told them to move away the bomb. Fortunately, I had a mobile phone around with me, so I called the police and told them that had been found. About 15 minutes late, the police arrived. I was praised for it but then I went home. The next day, I heard that the police had blown the bomb up. It had been on the sand for over 60 years!

　　答案：第二句：have→had

　　第三句：stand→standing

　　第四句：seem→seemed

　　第五句：immediate→immediately

　　第六句：away→from或away后加from

　　第七句：去掉around; that→what

　　第八句：late→later

　　第九句：but→and

　　第十一句：on→in

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2016·兰州市高三实战考试)假如你是李华，今年的中国国际旅游节下个月将在你们城市举行，组委会拟招聘一些高中生担任英语导游，你打算应聘。请根据下列内容要点给组委会写一封申请信。

　　1．自我介绍(年龄、性别等)；

　　2．英语水平(口语表达能力等)；

　　3．特殊优势(相关经历、对当地旅游景点的了解、沟通能力等)；

　　4．你的承诺。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；

　　3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　　Dear Sir/Madam，

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours faithfully，

　　Li Hua

　　参考范文：

　　Dear Sir/Madam，

　　I'm very glad to know that China International Tourism Festival will be held in our city next month. I'd like to be an English tour guide for the festival.

　　My name is Li Hua. I'm a boy of 18, a Senior 3 student in a high school. I believe I can do a good job for the festival. First of all, I'm good at English and I can speak English fluently. Secondly, I'm fond of traveling and I've worked as an English tour guide at several great festivals in our city before. Most importantly, I know our local tourist spots quite well and I'm good at communicating and cooperating with others.

　　I promise I'll try to offer my best services to the travelers from all over the world. I would be very happy if I could be chosen as a tour guide.

　　Looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours faithfully，

　　Li Hua

　　练（二英语知识运用组合练——练准度

　　(限时：30分钟)

　　.完形填空

　　(2016·河北省高考适应性考试)Visitors to the dry, hot Sonoran Desert of the southern Arizona and northern Mexico are amazed at the many­armed giants. They are the saguaro cacti (树形仙人掌), a giant which gives the landscape its __1__ appearance. In the dry desert the saguaro cacti can live for more than 200 years, grow to a __2__ of 60 feet, and have as many as 50 arms.

　　More __3__， the saguaro cacti still persist despite the unbearable desert climate. Those that have grown to old age have __4__ droughts, freezes, flash floods, and bush fires as well as the __5__ caused by groups of rats that eat their seedlings (秧苗). Like all other desert __6__， these leafless giants can store water for use during the desert's long dry seasons by __7__ water through their long roots.

　　Naturally, the great saguaro cacti are a(n) __8__ part of the desert life. Actually the giants may be __9__ to many animals, including woodpeckers, owls, doves, bats and insects. In addition, after a saguaro __10__ the age of 50 or so, cold­resistant flowers __11__ at the top of the plants once a year. These flowers __12__ birds, bats and bees, which come for the honey and for the tasty flowers with their black seeds.

　　__13__ the splendid saguaros are plentiful in the Southwest, they are unfortunately __14__. These giant cacti have great value in landscape gardening, and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars by uprooting and __15__ them to nurseries (苗圃). To protect these southwestern __16__， agents for the Arizona Department of Agriculture go around and __17__ the desert. It's a most important job though a hard one. But without the saguaro cacti, many desert animals would suffer a lack of __18__ and loss of nesting sites. The Southwest, too, would __19__ something of unique importance, since these desert giants have become a __20__ of the dry region.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从奇特的形状、生活特性、经济价值等方面介绍了Sonoran Desert 索诺兰沙漠的标志性植物——树形仙人掌。

　　1．A.general　B．basic

　　C．unique

　　D．lovely

　　解析：选C　根据下文可知，树形仙人掌有多达50个手形分支，所以形状“独特”，故选unique “独特的”。

　　2．A.length

　　B．height

　　C．size

　　D．width

　　解析：选B　根据前面的“giant”及后面的“60 feet”可知，此处表示的是“高度”，因此选height。

　　3．A.pleasingly

　　B．inspiringly

　　C．interestingly

　　D．amazingly

　　解析：选D　根据上文可知，游客对树形仙人掌的形状惊讶不已，现在更令人惊讶的是它们的适应能力，因此选amazingly。pleasingly “令人愉快地”；inspiringly “鼓舞人心地”；interestingly “有趣地”。

　　4．A.lived through

　　B．broken through

　　C．cut through

　　D．got through

　　解析：选A　根据上下文可知，树形仙人掌“经历”了恶劣环境的考验，live through “经历”，符合语境。break through “突破”；cut through “抄近路穿过，走近路”； get through “接通电话，通过考试”。

　　5．A.crisis

　　B．damage

　　C．destruction D．load

　　解析：选B　除了恶劣的气候外，树形仙人掌还要遭受老鼠的“破坏”，因此选damage。crisis “危机”；destruction “毁灭”；load “负担”。

　　6．A.plants

　　B．lives

　　C．animals D．creatures

　　解析：选A　像沙漠里其他所有的“植物”一样，因此选plants。life “生命”；animal “动物”；creature “生物”。

　　7．A.pouring

　　B．squeezing

　　C．pumping

　　D．absorbing

　　解析：选D 　树形仙人掌通过他们的长根茎吸收水。absorb “吸收”，符合语境。pour “倒，灌”；squeeze “挤压”；pump “抽出”。

　　8．A.independent

　　B．vital

　　C．original

　　D．mysterious

　　解析：选B　根据下文可知，作为许多动物赖以生存的食物和家园，树形仙人掌是沙漠“极为重要的”部分，因此选vital “极重要的”。independent “独立的”；original “原始的”；mysterious “神秘的”。

　　9．A.spot

　　B．field

　　C．home

　　D．camp

　　解析：选C　根据最后一段的倒数第二句“But without the saguaro cacti ... loss of nesting sites.”可知，树形仙人掌可能是许多动物的栖息地，因此选home“家园”。spot “地点”；field “田地”；camp “营地”。

　　10．A.turns

　　B．takes

　　C．meets

　　D．gains

　　解析：选A　树形仙人掌长到50岁左右。此处选turn意为“到(某年龄或某个时间)”，其后直接跟数字。

　　11．A.come up

　　B．come out

　　C．show off

　　D．show up

　　解析：选B　根据上下文可知，这里指树形仙人掌开花了，因此选come out “(花朵)开放”。come up “走近，被提到”；show off “炫耀”；show up “露面，到达”。

　　12．A.call

　　B．trap

　　C．fascinate

　　D．stick

　　解析：选C　根据下文中的“which come for the honey”可知，树形仙人掌的花吸引了一些动物，因此此处选 fascinate “迷住，深深吸引”。call “召集”；trap “困住”；stick “粘”。

　　13．A.As

　　B．But

　　C．Although

　　D．Yet

　　解析：选C　尽管在西南这壮丽的树形仙人掌很多，但它们却面临着危险。逗号前后表示让步关系，although “尽管”，符合语境。as “因为”；but “但是”；yet “然而”。

　　14．A.in danger

　　B．in demand

　　C．in need

　　D．in control

　　解析：选A　根据上题解析可知，此处应选in danger “处于危险之中”。in demand “需求大，受欢迎”；in need “需要”；in control “掌管”。

　　15．A.exchanging

　　B．trading

　　C．offering

　　D．selling

　　解析：选D　根据空格前的“These giant cacti have great value in landscape gardening, and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars”可知，树形仙人掌被偷去卖钱，sell “卖”，符合语境。exchange “交换”；trade “从事贸易，以物易物”；offer “提供”。

　　16．A.treasures

　　B．decorations

　　C．possessions

　　D．creations

　　解析：选A　根据全文可知，树形仙人掌是应该受到保护的沙漠珍宝，treasure “珍宝”，符合语境。decoration “装饰”；possession “拥有物”；creation “发明，创造”。

　　17．A.look over

　　B．hand over

　　C．watch over

　　D．turn over

　　解析：选C　为了保护这些珍宝，Arizona 农业部派代理人保护沙漠，因此选watch over “保护，照看”。look over “浏览，迅速地检查”；hand over “移交”；turn over “翻转”。

　　18．A.food

　　B．scenery

　　C．water

　　D．flavor

　　解析：选A　根据第三段的最后一句可知，树形仙人掌还是动物们的食物。没有了它们，就意味着“食物”的短缺，因此此处选food。scenery “风景”；water “水”；flavor “味道”。

　　19．A.affect

　　B．abandon

　　C．increase

　　D．lose

　　解析：选D　西南部也将失去这些极具重要性的东西，因此此处选lose。affect “影响”；abandon “遗弃，放弃”；increase “增加”。

　　20．A.signal

　　B．sign

　　C．mark

　　D．symbol

　　解析：选D　这些沙漠巨型植物已经变成了这个干燥区域的标志。根据句意可知，此处选symbol “标志”。signal “信号”；sign “征兆”；mark “记号”。

　　.语法填空

　　(2016·江西九校第二次联考)Would you like to explore (勘探) the oceans? Do you want to find __1__ life than we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau, the answer was “yes”. His career was a lifelong dream, and he is __2__ (probable) the most famous ocean scientist in recent times.

　　Cousteau was born in France in 1910. Even __3__ a child, he loved water. Cousteau was bright, __4__ he got bored with school and began to cause trouble. His parents sent him to a strict boarding school. There, Cousteau finally __5__ (challenge). He studied hard and did well in all his courses. In 1933, he served as a general officer in the French Navy. He also began to explore the life under the water. He worked __6__ a breathing machine to stay under water longer. It was finished in 1943.

　　In 1948, Cousteau became a captain, and he had new duties. Even so, he continued to explore the oceans. Two years later, he became the president of the French Oceanographic Campaigns. He also bought a ship __7__ (help) with his dives. But he __8__ (need) a way to get money for his trips. To do that, he produced many films and published a number of books. His films include The Silent World (1956) and World Without Sun (1996). One of his books is The Living Sea (1963)．

　　In 1974, he founded the Cousteau Society, __9__ function was to further oceanic research and encourage people to help protect the oceans and the life within them.

　　Cousteau won many honors for his work, __10__ (include) the Presidential Medal of Freedom and membership in the French Academy in 1989.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了法国著名的海洋科学家Cousteau的相关情况。

　　1．more　more ... than ...“比起……更……”。

　　2．probably　他可能是近代最著名的海洋科学家。此处应用副词作状语。

　　3．as　甚至当他还是个孩子的时候，他就爱上了水。as表示“在某一年龄段时”。

　　4．but　根据语境可知，前后句是转折关系，应用but。

　　5．was challenged　在那里，他最终受到了激励。由全文的时态可知，应用一般过去时；Cousteau是被激励，故应用被动语态。

　　6．on　work on sth.“努力改善(或完成)某事”。

　　7．to help　他还买了一艘船来帮助他潜水。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。

　　8．needed　为了航行，他需要一种赚钱的途径。由前面的“bought”可知，应用一般过去时。

　　9．whose　whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰“function”。

　　10．including　Cousteau赢得了很多荣誉，包括(including)总统自由勋章和1989年获得的法国学术会员身份。

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