Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe “those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time.

　　“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”

　　46.What makes writing by hand a thing of the past?

　　A. The absence of blackboard in classroom

　　B. The use of new technologies in teaching.

　　C. The lack of practice in handwriting.

　　D. The popular use of smartphones.

　　47.Berninger’s study published in 2009 ___________.

　　A. focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer.

　　B. indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper.

　　C. found that good essays are made up of long sentences.

　　D. discussed the importance of writing speed.

　　48.Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?

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