该句为虚拟句。与现在事实相反时主句用would/should/could+动词原形,if条件句用一般过去时。 if引导的条件虚拟语气用法如下表: 说明 if条件句谓语 主句谓语 与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be动词用were) would/should/could/might+ 动词原形 与过去事实相反 had+动词的过去分词 would/should/could/might+have+过去分词 与将来事实相反 1)动词的过去式 2)should+动词原形 3)were to+动词原形 would/should/could/might+ 动词原形 注意:省略if的虚拟条件句,当条件句中有were, had, should 时,可以省略if,把were, had, should 放在主语前,构成倒装结构。
【仿写】 1. (2015湖北卷改编)If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous, she ________ them for dinner. 要是知道这些蘑菇有毒,她不会采来做晚餐了。 2. Had you worked harder, you ________ in the competition. 你工作再努力些,你就不会在竞争中失败了。 3. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you ________ now. 你掉下来的时候要不是我站在梯子下把你抓住,你现在可就笑不起来了。 【单句改错】 4. (2017湖北卷改编) Had we not used an out-of-date train schedule, we would not missed the train.
Key:1. wouldn’t have picked 2. wouldn’t have failed
3. wouldn’t be smiling 4. 在missed前加have
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