But why does coastline matter so much? Throughout history people have preferred to live near the sea, and not just for the fish. Sea means trade, which means wealth. Think of the great successful cities like Singapore, New York or Hong Kong today. Russia has fought several wars over the centuries so that its ships could have access to the Baltic, the Black Sea and the Pacific.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了地理位置的重要性。

　　12．Which group of the following countries are doubly landlocked ones?

　　A．Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan.

　　B．Iceland and Madagascar.

　　C．Australia and the United Kingdom.

　　D．Austria and Switzerland.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段第一、二句中的“Liechtenstein is even more ... similar position, Uzbekistan”可知，列支敦士登和乌兹别克斯坦都是双重内陆国。故答案选A。

　　13．What have countries like Hungary, Botswana, Kazakhstan, Paraguay and Liechtenstein got in common?

　　A．They have no borders.

　　B．They have no coastline at all.

　　C．They are all surrounded by sea.

　　D．They had long coastlines before.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“In other words ...second five have no coastline at all.”可知，这五个国家都没有海岸线。故答案选B。

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