(8)表示“除……之外”的常用词。
①besides 除……以外(还有)。作副词时意思是“而且,更何况”。
Well all went to the cinema besides Shaw.
It was too late to see a film,and besides,I was tired.
②except除去,除……之外(不再有)。
We all went except John.
在否定句中,两词可以换用。
He has no other hats except/besides this one.
③except for除了……(对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明),后接名词、代词或what从句,此时与“except that+句子”意思相同。
He was very clever except for carelessness.
④except that...除了……一点以外。
He has not changed except that he is wearing dark glasses.
⑤but与except
but和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用,但应注意以下三点:
(A)前面有不定代词、疑问代词在意义上对称时,多用but。
All but one are here.
Nobody but I likes making model ships.
(B)后接不定式短语为排除对象时,多用but。
He has nothing to do but wait.(前有do,后省to)
(C)but与一些固定结构连用。
have no choice but to do sth.只得做某事,can not but do sth.不得不,can not help but do sth.不得不……,but for...若不是……
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