Optimists believe that their actions can make a　9　. They do not see their own efforts as being　10　. They understand that they do have the power to make things happen and take steps to make their dreams a reality. 　11　, pessimists have a difficult time believing that what they do will make any difference and find it　12　to make any changes or take any action towards achieving a goal. They find　13　why something that has worked for others will not work for them and believe that anything they do is certain to　14　. This makes it difficult for them to get out of situations that make them　15　, such as a dead-end job that makes them miserable.

　　Optimists do not internalize(使内在化)failure. When things don’t　16　for them, they don’t beat themselves up over it. They are able to accept failure as a part of life and try　17　with a positive attitude. They are often better able to learn from their　18　. When pessimists do take chances and fail, they have a hard time not　19　themselves and concluding that this is the way that it has to be. One　20　can leave them with a sense of being unworthy or completely at the mercy of others.

　　That’s why optimists become successful!

　　1. A. understood B. mastered

　　C. studied

　　D. found

　　2. A. if

　　B. because

　　C. unless

　　D. while

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