A camera measured changes to the skin's redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)—which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour—and beta-carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.

　　31. What do we know from the research?

　　A. If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.

　　B. The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.

　　C. Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.

　　D. People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.

　　32. Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids？

　　A. They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.

　　B. They can prevent heart disease and cancer.

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