【3年高考2年模拟】2016届高三英语一轮复习课件语法专练八动词和动词词组_高考复习指南

【3年高考2年模拟】2016届高三英语一轮复习课件语法专练八动词和动词词组

　　She sat for a scholarship but failed to win it. 她为获得奖学金而应试,但未成功。 5.become,get,turn,go

　　(1)谈到人或物的状态、外貌等的变化时,常用 become,get,turn和go,后接形容词。总的来说,become和turn比get和go更文雅。 (2)指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化,可用become或get(后者较通俗):become/get angry,famous,fat,ill,old,etc.生气、成名、发胖、得病、衰老等。 become和get还都可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势。 It’s becoming/getting cold/dark/cloudy,etc. 天渐渐冷了/黑了/多云了等等。 Divorce is becoming/getting more common. 离婚现象越来越常见了。 (3)指某人肉体上或精神上由强转弱时,用go:go bald/deaf/insane,etc.变秃/聋 /疯等。go有时也指事物由强到弱(或由好变坏)。 The meat’s gone off/bad.肉变味了(坏了)。 The radio’s gone wrong.收音机出毛病了。 (4)go和turn可用于指人或事物的颜色变化。 She went/turned blue with cold.她冻得脸色发青。 The rotten meat went/turned green. 这块腐烂的肉变绿了。 (5)go一般不与 old,tired,ill 等连用,遇此情况要用其他连系动词。如:be- come/grow/get old 变老;fall/become ill/sick生病;get/feel tired 累了。 (6)turn后可以加年龄或时间,表示达到或超过(某年龄或时间)。如: She turned forty last June.她在刚过去的6月份满40岁。 It’s turned midnight.已经午夜了。 (7)常用的系动词还有: ①单纯表示主语特征或状态的系动词:feel,look,sound,taste,smell,seem,appear等。 ②表示发生变化的连系动词,除上面之外还有:fall,drop,come,run等。 ③表示保持某种状态的连系动词有:remain,continue,stay,keep,rest,prove, turn out,stand等。 6.beat,defeat,win,gain (1)beat和defeat 二者属一组同义词,它们的宾语必须是“人(people)”或一个集体,如a team,a class,a school,an army等。defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人;beat是游戏比赛的专门用词,但它们经常被人们替换使用。如: We beat their team by 10 points.我们赢了他们队10分。以下句子中的defeat和beat属本义用法,如将它们互换也是可以的。如: In the end their army was defeated/beaten. 最后他们的部队被击败了。 (2)gain和win gain表示获得需要之物,它常跟的宾语有one’s living,experience,strength, time,knowledge,attention,respect,admiration等;win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利,它常跟的宾语有game,war,prize,fame,battle等。另外,win还可用作不及物动词,而gain在表示“赢得”这一意思时是及物动词。如: He gained/won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921. 他在1921年获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。 Which side won?哪一边胜了? To gain time,I pretended that I had not heard the question. 为赢得时间,我假装没有听见这个问题。 Bill won/gained the first prize for swimming. 比尔赢得了游泳的第一枚金牌。 We wouldn’t have won without your help. 要不是因为你的帮助我们赢不了。 7.beat,strike,hit,tap beat着重连续性地击打或体罚,也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方;strike 通常表示打一下,打若干下等意思,不一定都是有意的;hit指“打中”或 “对准……来打”,着重敲打或打击对方的某一点;tap一般是轻轻拍打的意思。如: The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麦子被雨水打倒了。 He used to beat her black and blue. 他以前常把她打得青一块紫一块的。 The mother hit her son out of anger. 妈妈生气,打了她儿子一下。 It(An ant)strikes a cow bug’s back with its forelegs and feelers.它(蚂蚁)用前腿和触角敲打蚜虫的背部。 It(An ant)taps on the other’s head with its feelers. 它(蚂蚁)用触角轻敲对方的头部。 8.catch,grab,grasp,seize,snatch catch 是普通用语,有“设法抓住、捉住”的意思;grab表示“突然地、粗鲁地抓住某物”;grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”;seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”;snatch表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”。如: I caught him by the ear.我揪住他的耳朵。 He grabbed her arm and pulled her out of the fire. 他抓住她的胳膊把她从大火中拉了出来。 He grasped his gun and rushed out.他抓住枪就冲了出去。 Then with that man’s permission and even with his help,he seized her and took her away. 后来,在那个人许可甚至帮助下,他抓住她并把她带走了。 He made a dive for the rejected clothing and began to snatch it this way and that... 他冲向那堆不要的衣服,翻来翻去…… 9.speak,talk,say,tell