Passage 4
(2017·北京海淀期末练习)
Does everyone want a challenging job? In spite of all the attention focused by the media, academicians, and social scientists on human potential and the needs of individuals, there is no evidence to support that the vast majority of workers want challenging jobs. Some individuals prefer highly complex and challenging jobs;others develop in simple,routine work.
The individualdifference variable(变量) that seems to gain the greatest support for explaining who prefers a challenging job and who doesn't is the strength of an individual's needs for personal growth and selfdirection at work. Individuals with these higherorder growth needs are more responsive for challenging work. What percentage of ordinary workers actually desire higherorder need satisfactions and will respond positively to challenging jobs? No current data is available,but a study from the 1970s estimated the figure at about 15%. Even after adjusting for changing work attitudes and the growth in whitecollar jobs, it seems unlikely that the number today exceeds 40%.
The strongest voice advocating challenging jobs has not been workers—it's been professors, social science researchers, and
media
people.
Professors, researchers, and journalists undoubtedly made their career choices, to some degree, because they wanted jobs that gave them autonomy, recognition and challenge. That,of course,is their choice. But for them, to force their needs onto the workforce in general is presumptuous(冒昧的).
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