2.It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who restarted the Olympics.

　　It was…who…是强调句型，强调句子的主语。

　　3.Deng Yaping, who won four…， is perhaps the greatest…

　　在下定义或描述性的句子中，经常在主语或需要定义的名词之后以逗号分隔，再使用非限制性定语来完善表达。

　　4.Unmarried women were allowed to take part in…

　　be allowed to do sth.意为“某人被允许做某事”，用被动式的形式可以突出主语。

　　Ⅰ.同义转换

　　1. In order for a new sport to be added, a current sport must be dropped.

　　In order to add a new sport, they have to drop a current sport.

　　2.Unmarried women were allowed to take part in their own competition at a separate festival in honour of the wife of the Greek god Zeus.

　　They didn't allow unmarried women to take part in the Olympic Games, but they organized a separate festival in memory of the wife of the Greek god Zeus.

　　3.I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country.

　　The whole China took great pride in Xu Haifeng's winning the first gold medal.

　　4.Some sports have been added recently, such as tae kwon do, which was first included in the Olympics in 2000.

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