In reality, the causes of Alzheimer's are still unclear, and it hasn't been proven that stopping smoking, for example, actually lowers one's risk of getting dementia.

事实上，老年痴呆症的起因仍然不明，而诸如戒烟等行为事实上是否能降低痴呆风险也未经验证。

These estimates were calculated based on published data about how frequently the risk factors occur in the population as well as the extent to which each factor increases one's risk of Alzheimer's, known as relative risk.

这些估计是根据已发布的相关数据计算出来的，包括风险因素在人群中发生的频率，以及每种因素会在多大程度上加剧老年痴呆症风险，也就是相对风险。

For instance, depression nearly doubles one's risk of developing Alzheimer's. Each factor alone increases one's risk of Alzheimer's anywhere from about 50% to 100%, according to Dr. Barnes.

比如说，抑郁几乎会导致罹患老年痴呆症的风险增加一倍。据巴尼斯说，每种因素各自都会导致患老年痴呆症的风险增加约50%至100%。

The next step in this work is to do prevention trials to try to modify these risks to see if they can actually stave off Alzheimer's, Dr. Barnes says. She hopes to conduct a trial on physical activity, because it 'seems like the biggest bang for your buck,' because it is known to help the brain, the heart and mood, she says.

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