When Mr Snowden fled the US in May 2013, he had been working as a technician for Booz Allen, a giant government contractor for the NSA.

Last year, he fed a trove of secret NSA documents to news outlets including the Washington Post and the Guardian.

Among other things, the leaks detailed the NSA's practice of harvesting data on millions of telephone calls made in the US and around the world, and revealed the agency had snooped on foreign leaders.

The revelations have sparked a debate in the US over the appropriate role of the NSA and the extent to which it should be authorised to conduct such broad surveillance.

President Barack Obama has asked Congress to rein in the programme by barring the NSA from storing phone call data on its own and to require it to seek a court order to access telecom companies' records.

Last week, the US House passed such legislation, sending it to the US Senate.

BBC 报道，28日，美国国务卿约翰•克里称，国安局（NSA）前防务承包商雇员爱德华•斯诺登使美国蒙受巨大损失。他称斯诺登畏罪潜逃，应该“男人一点”，回到美国。“如果他相信美国，他也应该相信美国的司法制度”。

克里发表评论之前，斯诺登在接受美国全国广播公司（NBC）的采访时曾说，由于美国吊销了他的护照，他才会在俄罗斯寻求政治庇护。

斯诺登还表示，他是一名经过训练的特工，并否认自己是一名低层分析员。

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