这个结果也不出所料:在以上学生中,每四人中就有一人说,自己在前一年感到背痛的天数超过了15天;脊椎侧弯——脊椎出现弯曲)——在出现背痛孩子中的比例达70%。剩下的这30%学生,要么有腰痛,要么有挛缩——肌肉持续的、非随意的紧缩。比起男孩,女孩出现背痛的风险更大,而且风险随年纪增长而上升(可以推想,这跟年复一年背着重重的书包有关)。
Pain often results when the weight of the pack pulls children backward, prompting them to bend forward or to arch their backs to keep the pack centered. This position can compress the spine, pressing the vertebrae on the discs between them.
沉重的书包会压得孩子往后仰,为了保持后背的中立位置,他们得往前弓背或者猫起腰来,疼痛往往因此发生。这种姿势可以挤压脊柱,压迫腰椎间盘。
If the child has to lean forward when walking with a loaded pack, it is too heavy. At the very least, it is a recipe for poor posture and chronically rounded shoulders. And if these forward-bending children must raise their heads to see where they are going, neck pain and pinched nerves can be the result.
如果孩子在背着书包走路时身体前倾,就说明书包太重了。这样至少会导致孩子姿势不佳,长此以往会出现圆肩(即肩胛骨向前挤——译注)。如果这些身体前倾的孩子还得抬起头来看看自己走到哪里去了,则会导致颈部疼痛和神经病变。
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