Crucially, we've learned that these needs are not hierarchical. Think of yourself: You don't wake up in the morning and only think about food, then worry about making money, then think about loftier pursuits. Neither your day nor your life unfolds like that. It's messier, because of our adaptive and clever biology. Our hormones, our neurotransmitters, even our gut bacteria cause us to think about base needs like survival and loftier ones like personal fulfillment simultaneously. In fact, they compete with one another for our attention, and we prioritize and re-prioritize them on the fly, as context changes.
要注意的是,我们早已明白这些需求并不是最重要的。请考虑一下自身情况:早上起床的时候,我们并不会担心没有食物或者无法赚钱养家,那么我们就思考更高层次的需求。我们每天的生活都不会以这样的担忧而开始,还有比这更复杂的,因为我们拥有人类天生拥有的适应性和智慧。我们的荷尔蒙,神经传递介质,甚至是肠道细菌都会让我们同时思考自身的基本需求,如生存需求和实现自身满足感的更高层次的需求。实际上,它们正利用我们的注意力彼此互相抗衡,正如不同的情境变换,我们把它们多次不断更改优先的位置。
lofty adj.:崇高的,高级的。此处loftier pursuits,更高层次的需求,指的是精神层面的追求。
neurotransmitter ['nʊrotrænzmɪtɚ], n.:神经递质
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