And there is the rub. When the national labour market took shape in Victorian Britain, what followed was a century of explosive growth. But it was also a century of Dickensian depredation and dislocation. Before we celebrate the demise of the company and its replacement with a more flexible, digitally mediated market for piecework, we must remember that companies have played a critical role in absorbing risks associated with market production that had previously fallen on workers, with tragic consequences.

当然，难就难在这里。维多利亚时代英国形成全国劳动力市场之后，带来的是一个世纪的爆炸式增长。但那也是一个狄更斯式(Dickensian)掠夺和混乱主导的世纪。在我们庆祝企业灭亡，被一个更加灵活的、数字化的计件工作市场所取代之前，我们必须记住，公司一直扮演一个关键角色，那就是吸收与市场生产有关的风险，这种风险此前一度由劳动者自己承担，造成了许多悲惨后果。

In 1914, Henry Ford doubled the daily salary of employees and ushered in a new conception of the relationship between business and workers. Following decades of conflicts between capital and labour, businesses would now absorb some of the risk of living in a market economy.

1914年，亨利•福特(Henry Ford)给员工涨了一倍日薪，开创了一种新型的企业与劳动者关系。在经历了几十年的劳资冲突后，现在很多企业会吸收部分在一个市场化经济中生存所面临的风险。

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