沙尘暴的空间和时间分布
Spatial and temporal distribution of sandstorm
中国北方沙尘暴发生的特点是西北多于东北、平原(或盆地)多于山区、沙漠多于其他地区。我国北方干旱半干旱地区有五大沙尘暴中心:一是新疆的塔里木盆地,主要包括塔克拉玛干沙漠和罗布泊地区,二是内蒙西部、甘肃、宁夏的阿拉善高原,包括巴丹吉林沙漠、腾格里沙漠、乌兰布和沙漠和河西走廊。三是内蒙中部的鄂尔多斯高原,包括毛乌素沙地和北部黄土高原。四是内蒙古东南部,包括后山地区、浑善达克沙地和科尔沁沙地。五是华北平原,范围可至北京以南。这些地区的地面物质在强劲偏北风作用下影响我国北方地区甚至长江流域。
The occurrence of sandstorms in northern China is characterized by more sandstorms in Northwest China than in Northeast China, more sandstorms in plain (or basin) than in mountain area, more sandstorms in desert than in other areas. There are five sandstorm centers in the arid and semi-arid areas of northern China: the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, mainly including Taklimakan Desert and Lop Nur area; the Alxa Plateau in western Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Ningxia, including Badain Jaran Desert, Tengger Desert, Ulan Buh Desert and Hexi corridor. The third is the Ordos Plateau in the central part of Inner Mongolia, including the Mu Us sandy land and the northern Loess Plateau. Fourth, the southeast of Inner Mongolia, including Houshan area, Hunshandak sand land and Horqin Sand Land. Fifth, the North China plain extends to the south of Beijing. Under the strong northerly wind, the surface materials in these areas affect the northern China and even the Yangtze River Basin.
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