<
B>定语从句学习要点
B><
B>
B>
&
nbsp;
<B>一、概说B><B>B>定语从句即指在主从复合句用作定语的从句。定语从句通常修饰名词或代词,对它进行限制、描绘和说明。受定语从句修饰的词语叫先行词,引导定语从句的词语叫关系词。关系词按其性质又分关系代词和关系副词。根据从句与主句关系的紧密程度,定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。二、<B>关系词的用法B><B>B>http://
yingyu.
chazidian.
com关系词根据其性质可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词主要有 that">
that">
that">
that,
who">
who,
whom">
whom,
whose">
whose,
which">
which">
which">
which">
which">
which">
which">
which,
as 等,其中 who">
who 和 whom">
whom
只用于指人,which">
which">
which">
which和 as 只用于指事物,whose">
whose
和 that">
that">
that">
that 既可于指人也可用于指物,它们在定语从句可用作主语、宾语、表语或定语;关系副词主要有 when,
where 和 why">
why,其中 when 表示时间,where 表地点,why">
why 表原因,它们在定语从句中均用作状语。如:This is the book (
which">
which">
which">
which) you want.
这就是你要的那本书。There are a lot of things
that">
that">
that">
that are wrong.
有很多错的东西。This is the town
where I was born.
这就是我出生的城市。These are the reasons
why">
why we do it.
这些就是我们这样做的原因。三、<B>关系词的选择B><B>B><
B>1.
B>
一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因,如指物时不能用who或whom
,指人时通常不用which">
which">
which">
which等。<B>B><
B>2.
B>
二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等,如作定语通常用whose
,有时也用which">
which">
which">
which;作状语要用when, where,
why">
why。注意,不要一看到先行词为表时间、地点、原因的名词,就认为一定要用 when, where,
why">
why 来引导定语从句,要注意分清它们在定语从句充当什么成分。如:I forget the time
when he will come.
我忘记了他来的时间。(
when 引导定语从句,在定语从句中用作状语)
I forget the time
that">
that">
that">
that he told me.
我忘记了他告诉我的时间。(
that">
that">
that">
that 引导定语从句,在定语从句中用作宾语)
The reason
why">
why he can’t come is
that">
that">
that">
that he is ill.
他不能来的原因是他病了。(
why">
why 引导定语从句,在定语从句中用作状语)
The reason
that">
that">
that">
that he told me is not true.
他告诉我的原因不真实。(
that">
that">
that">
that 引导定语从句,在定语从句中用作宾语)<
B>
B>
<
B>3.
B>
三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句,如that">
that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。注意,不要一看到逗号就认为是非限制性定语从句。如:If you’ve really said
that">
that">
that">
that to her, _______ will cause real trouble.
A.
that">
that&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp; &
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;
B.
which">
which">
which">
which &
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp; C. as&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp; &
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp;&
nbsp; D. what
此题答案是A,不是B。尽管空格前有逗号,但这并不是非限制性定语从句,所以不能填 which">
which">
which">
which。正确的理解是:If you’ve really said
that">
that">
that">
that to her
是一个条件状语从句,逗号后的句子是主句,空格处填that">
that用作主句主语。&
nbsp;
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