Anyone claiming that America's economy is in decline is peddling fiction. What is true – and the reason that a lot of Americans feel anxious – is that the economy has been changing in profound ways, changes that started long before the Great Recession hit and haven't let up. Today, technology doesn't just replace jobs on the assembly line, but any job where work can be automated. Companies in a global economy can locate anywhere, and face tougher competition. As a result, workers have less leverage for a raise. Companies have less loyalty to their communities. And more and more wealth and income is concentrated at the very top.
任何声称美国经济正在衰落的说法都是在传播虚构事实。实际情况——同时也是许多美国人感到焦虑的原因——是美国经济正在经历巨大变革,而且这变革早在大萧条发生之前就已经开始,到现在还没有结束。今天,能够被高科技取代的工作岗位并不仅限于生产线,还包括任何可以实现自动化的岗位。在经济全球化中,公司可以落户于世界任何地方,也会面临更加激烈的竞争。其结果是,雇员要求加薪的筹码变少。公司对其所在群体的忠诚度更低。同时,越来越多的财富和收入积聚到社会顶层阶级手中。
All these trends have squeezed workers, even when they have jobs; even when the economy is growing. It's made it harder for a hardworking family to pull itself out of poverty, harder for young people to start on their careers, and tougher for workers to retire when they want to. And although none of these trends are unique to America, they do offend our uniquely American belief that everybody who works hard should get a fair shot.
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