人口老化的两大原因是人们寿命的延长和生育率的降低。

　　养老院：retirement home ； nursing home

　　由许鞍华执导，刘德华、叶德娴主演的电影《桃姐》近来在国际各大电影奖项上都取得了优异的成绩，也引起了大家对孤独老人这一社会现象的热议。电影中老佣人桃姐在中风后自己选择住进养老院。

　　A retirement home is a multi-residence housing facility intended for senior citizens. Typically each person or couple in the home has an apartment-style room or suite of rooms. Additional facilities are provided within the building， including facilities for meals， gathering， recreation， and some form of health or hospice care.The number of retirement homes has been increasing in the United States， from almost 11，000 in 2005 to 12，000 in 2010. The market size for retirement homes has had a much greater growth rate， from $13.5 billion in 2005 to $17 billion in 2010， with California being the American state with the largest market size.

　　养老院是为老年人提供养老服务的社会福利事业组织。在西方国家，养老院通常由地方政府或慈善机构主办，接收靠福利救济或低收入的老人。中国的敬老院是在农村实行五保的基础上发展起来的。

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