例一.词汇衔接
Life for the descendants of theThulepeople is still harsh.Nunavutis 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. Its currently home to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit. Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territorys 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature toprovide food and clothing.Provisions availableinlocal shops have to be flown intoNunavuton one of the most costly air networks in the world, orbrought by supply shipduring the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around£7,000a year to replacemeat they obtainedthemselves through hunting withimported meat. Economic opportunities are scarce, and for many peoplestate benefitsare their only income.
这是一道List of Headings题,要求在选项中找出能表达以上这段文字主题的段落标题。List of Headings题解题的原则就是找出段落的主题句,然后与标题选项一一对应,确定正确答案。但是在实际解题过程中,因为严格的时间限制,一般都不会去确定主题句,而是直接以最有可能成为主题句的段落的首、次、中、尾四个句子分别与标题选项一一对应来确定正确答案。但是在段落没有主题句的情况下,利用这个方法就无法确定正确选项。必须根据段落中的其它线索来答题。以上这个段落虽然没有主题句,但是在其行文中有非常明显的词汇衔接关系。文中的food and clothing,provisions,supply,meat,benefits是同一语义场的词汇同现,与选项iii的essential supplies对应。而与该组词紧密相连的provide,available,brought,obtained则是一组近义词,其引导的信息与选项iii的alternative sources对应。因此这段文字是通过同一语义场的词汇同现和近义词两种词汇衔接手段来实现句际之间的衔接,从而形成了意义上的连贯性,并构成了与标题选项iii相对应的段落主题。
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