Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the points whereas the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more unnatural food.
译文:除非人类终于意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度:使地球能为所有人提供足够的饮食,否则人们将不得不接受更多的人造食品。
原文中有三个抽象的名词:sense, point和support和两个抽象的形容词comfortable和unnatural。根据大纲中词汇表提供的解释,sense可指感觉、判断力,point的意思是点,support的意思是支撑、支持,comfortable是舒适的,unnatural是非自然的,都是意思十分抽象的词,如果不进行具体化处理,译文就可能是这样:除非人类有这样的感觉,把人口减少到这样的,使地球能为大家提供舒适的支持,否则人们将不得不接受更多的非自然的食物。
八、英语多引申,汉语多推理
英语有两句俗话:一是You know a word by the company it keeps.,二是Words do not have meaning, but people have meaning for them.。这说明词典对词的定义和解释是死的,而实际运用中的语言是活的。从原文角度来说,这种活用是词义和用法的引申,翻译的时候要准确理解这种引申,译者就需要进行推理。
例如:While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
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