~The Bruises~
Tourism negatively impacts environments and their people from the highest mountain to the deepest cave. Many of these impacts affect one aspect and the other is affected as a consequence.
To begin, tourist accommodation requires land that can sometimes belong to or have significance for an indigenous group. When traditional landowners are forced to relocate, their resentment towards the invading visitors sometimes means that they refuse to display their way of life including art, rituals and beliefs. This results in the diluting of culture and creates a lack of understanding, and therefore appreciation, of different lifestyles and environments. We need this understanding in order to protect the cultures and their knowledge, for instance, medical uses of certain plants.
Communities that reject exploitation of their culture are often sucked dry of their resources and businesses in order to make way for hospitality facilities. For example, in Malaysia, 29 local stores were forcibly shut down to clear land for a tourist accommodation development.
As for the environment, tourism ultimately creates a massive decline in biodiversity and also causes problems such as erosion, deforestation and pollution.
Take Jamaica, for example. Only a few short years ago, Jamaican beaches were lined with sand dunes that supported root systems for vegetation and created protective barriers against flood and erosion. Nowadays, hotel, road and restaurant construction, as well as intensified use of public beaches has caused the dunes to disappear.
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