例二:Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
两个逗号中间的短语the study of the meaning of words是Semantics的同位语,意为对词义进行研究的科学, 即语义学。
四、对比结构
寻找文中相互对比、相互对照的线索来确定生词的含义。
在此类文章中,通常会出现一些表示意义转折、对比的词语:however, but, on the other hand, on the contrary, instead of, while, unlike, not, although, yet, despite, in spite of, in contrast, etc.
例一: A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.
根据句法结构可知the adept workers和 the unskilled ones.为对比关系,意义相反。由the unskilled ones可推出the adept workers为熟练工人。
例二:Someone liked milk, but others abhorred it.
通过but我们知道abhor是like的反义词,意为厌恶。
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