(a)在该时刻仍然在继续;或
(b)在该时刻停止或刚刚停止。
但应注意,过去完成时还可以用来表示:
(c)在所说时刻之前某一时候停止的动作。
(a),(b),(c)这三种类型的例句分别列举如下:
(a)Bill was in uniform when I met him.He had been a soldier for tenyears/since he was seventeen,and planned to stay in the army till hewas thirty.
我遇到比尔的时候,他身穿军服。那时他已经当了十年兵了/他
从17岁就当兵,并且还计划在军队里呆到30岁。
Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years/ever since she was born,andhad no wish to move to a tower block.
安在小屋里已经住了60年/安出生以来就一直住在小屋,也不想搬到塔楼去住。(这里也可以用过去完成进行时形式 had beeniiving。)
(b)The old oak tree,which had stood in the churchyard for300 years/since before the church was built,suddenly crashed to the ground.
屹立在教堂墓地上已300百年之久的老橡树/在教堂建造之前就屹立着的老橡树突然间哗啦一声巨响倒在地上。(这里也可以用过去完成进行时形式 had been standing。)
Peter,who had waited for an hour/since ten oclock,was very angrywith his sister when she eventually turned up.
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