一、逗号+ ing分词短语
1、修饰前面的句子,表示伴随或结果。这方面例子比较多,我就不举例了。
2、做插入语,位于句中就近修饰名词,是非限定性修饰语。如OG258题的B选项。
258. The British sociologist and activist Barbara Wootton once noted as a humorous example of income maldistribution that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning annually exactly what she then earned as director of adult education for London.
that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning
that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning
that there was an elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, and it earned
the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and was earning(A)
the elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and that it earned
OG 解释说B选项giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo是非限定性修饰,这种情况 下the structure of noted... that the elephant, giving rides ..., had been earning falsely implies that the reader already knows about the elephant--that is, that the existence of this particular elephant is not new information.
3、放在一个句子(包括从句)的句末,修饰前面句子的主语。却不是就近修饰句子的宾语。
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2016-02-29
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