析:例 9 中应在 library 后加 the one ;例 10 中的 where 应去掉或改为 that 或 which .在例 9 中, this library 是主语, is 是谓语, that 引导的是定语从句,但没有先行词,故应补加先行词;在例 10 中, the library 是先行词,定语从句缺少宾语,故应用 that 或 which 来引导,当然也可以省略。
易错点六:特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误
例 11. I dont like the way which you speak to her.
例 12. I dont care for pay. I just want to get a job that I can be greatly valued.
析:例 11 中应在 which 前加 in 或将 which 改为 that 或去掉;例 12 中的 that 应改为 where 或 in which .在定语从句中,有些特殊名词作先行词时其关系词的选取有一定的特殊性,如 way 作先行词时,其引导词可用 that 或 in which 或省略,如例 11 ;与 way 相似的还有 job , situation , point , case 等作先行词时,关系词常用 where 或 in which ,如例 12 .
易错点七:忽略as 和which 引导非限定性定语从句的区别
例 13. He failed in the exam again, which was expected.
例 14. He failed in the exam again, as was not what he had expected.
析:例 13 中的 which 应改为 as ;例 14 中的 as 应改为 which . as 和 which 虽然都可引导非限制性定语从句,但仍有以下三点区别:( 1 ) as 有正如;就像之意,而 which 没有;( 2 ) as 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首、句中或句末,而 which 只能置于句末;( 3 )如果非限制性定语从句是否定句时,只能用 which 引导。
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