高考英语总复习语法专项 构词法
2009-03-18 11:42 来源:互联网 作者:佚名 [打印] [评论]
英语中的构词法主要包括: 转化词, 派生词, 合成词, 混成词, 截短词, 缩略词等, 其中前三种最为重要
转化词
转化词就是词形不变, 由一个词类转化成另一个词类的词
一.转化动词, 如: mark评分, stage上演, warm加热,使温暖, further促进, water浇水
a. Warm the milk before drinking it.
b. She waters the flowers every day.
c. Cool the water before you drink it.
d. The train slowed down as it entered the station.
二.转化名词, 如: cause起因, use用处, native本地人, major主修科目
a. Lets go for a drive next Sunday.
b. You can ask for a help.
c. They stopped there for a swim.
派生词
派生词就是通过在词根上加前缀或后缀构成的另一个词. 后缀通常改变词根的词类; 前缀通常改变词根的词义
一.构成反义词的前缀, 如: un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, dis-, non-, de-
1.前缀un-, 如: unpleasant, unusual, unwanted, uncomfortable, unimportant, unsold, undivided, unreserved
2.前缀in-用于除l, b, m, p, r起首的词之前, 如: incomplete, inconvenient, inability, independent
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