⒍如果谓语动词是片语动词(the phrasal verb)的话, 就要把片语动词当一个单位处理。例如:
③ a. We must do the work.
b. The work must be done (by us)。
④ a. John gave Anne a pen.
b. Anne was given a pen by John 或 A pen was given to Anne by John.
⑤ a. They have put off the meeting.
b. They meeting has been put off.
使用被动语态的情况
一般上说,我们用主动语态的时候多,用被动语态的时候少。然而,如果我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,我们只有被动语态这条路可走:
⑥ A cat was knocked down.
⑦ Electricity is widely used in all cities.
⑧ The annual sports meet may be held in three months.
此外,在下列情况下,也最好用被动语态:
⒈宾语比主语重要,必须突出,如:
⑨ A thief was arrested.
⑩ The waste paper has been burnt.
如果把⑨和⑩改为主动语态,就平淡乏味了:
△The police arrested a thief.
△Someone has burnt the waste paper.
⒉不方便提到主语;在此情况下, 常用it来引导,如:
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