例如:
⑦ Several other ideas came along that enabled engineers to design still smaller units.
⑧ Ninety-six substances are known which chemists consider to be elements.
⑦和⑧里的形容词从句和先行词ideas及substances之间都被主句的谓语动词came along和are known分开。
这类的分隔情况,多在主句谓语动词是被动语态(the passive voice)时才出现,如例⑧,但谓语动词是主动语态(the active voice)的话,也可以,如例⑦,只是数量少些。
为什么要把形容词从句常见的位置和先行词分开呢?主要原因是:先行词所在的主句较短,而修饰先行词的形容词从句则很长。为了平衡主句和从句,才采用这方法。虽然如此,但它和一般的形容词从句的位置有很多抵触,恐怕引起混乱。
为了减少不必要的麻烦,最好改用别的句式。其中一个方法是将形容词从句改为另外一个独立的简单句(如例⑨╆);另一个办法是采用并列句(如例⑩╇):
⑨ Several other ideas came along. Such ideas /They enabled engineers to design still small units.
⑩ Several other ideas came along and these ideas enabled engineers to design still small units.
╆ Ninety-six substances are known. Chemists consider them to be elements.
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