S是个简单的英文字母,可以加在可数复数名词后面,也可以用在简单现在时态动词的后面,以表示主语是单数第三人称。例如:
① He walks to school every day.
② Mary gets up early every morning.
③ That woman often talks loudly.
除了把单数名词变成复数名词以及表示单数第三人称之外,s 还出现在某些单字上,使它和没有s的字呈现出两个不同语义:beside和besides便是个好例子。
Beside是在旁边的意思:besides是除此之外的意思。两者都是介词,但后者也是个副词。有些人把这两个字等同起来,互相对换,这是大错特错的;因此,④和⑤不对,要改为 ⑥和⑦。
④ Susan is sitting besides me.
⑤ Beside dancing, the children also sang.
⑥ Susan is sitting beside me.
⑦ Besides dancing, the children also sang.
一般上说,beside在句子后半部出现,如:
⑧ Some people prefer living beside the sea.
⑨ The small boy is standing beside his mother.
Besides的位置不一;可以在句前,也可在句尾,如:
⑩ Besides being a diligent student, Peter is also a good athlete.
11. I have written some other books on language learning besides this one.
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