这种毒素是地球上最危险的物质之一,
It is made by a bacterium called Clostridium botulinum.
它是由一种叫肉毒杆菌的细菌合成。
Even a small amount is enough to kill a healthy adult.
仅仅很小的量就足以杀死一个健康成年人。
The toxin molecules attach themselves to a protein called synaptotagmin, which is foundon the surface membranes of nerve cells at their junctions with muscle cells.
这种毒素能结合到一种叫做synaptotagmin的蛋白上,SYT则位于神经肌肉接头处神经细胞的细胞膜表面。
Thence they are ingested into the cell, where they disable another protein, SNAP-25, therole of which is to help release a chemical messenger called acetylcholine.
然后这种毒素被吞入细胞内部,进而让另外一个叫SNAP-25的蛋白失活,SNAP-25的作用是帮助一种叫乙酰胆碱的化学信使的释放。
This messengers job is to tell muscle cells to contract. Without that signal, muscles stopsworking. If this happens all over the body, death is rapid.
这种化学信使的作用则是让肌肉细胞进行收缩。没有这种信号的话,肌肉便停止工作了。如果全身都发生这样的情况,死亡便接踵而来。
Inject the toxin locally, though, and you can do some good.
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