The social and political implications or these two theories are profound. In the United Stares, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligent test. This leads some nature proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically interior to whites. Behaviorists, in contrast. say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that white enjoy. and that. as a result. they do not develop the same responses that whites do.
Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.
参考译文
人们长期以来一直想弄清楚,他们的性格和行为是怎样形成的。为什么一个人聪明而另一个人却不聪明,或者为什么一个人有协作精神而另一个人却有竞争意识,要解释这些可不容易。
社会科学家当然对这类问题特别感兴趣。他们希望解释为什么我们具有某些性格并显现某些行为。对此,迄今还没有明确的答案,但已经产生了两个截然不同的思想流派。正如人们所料,两派观点存在巨大差异,各自理论的支持者之间存在着巨大的争议。分歧通常被称为 天性论 对 教养论 。
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