Broadly speaking, the genes less active in the lonely were those involved in staving off viralinfections. Those that were more active were involved in protecting against bacteria. Dr Cole suspects this could help explain not only why the lonely are iller, but how, in evolutionaryterms, this odd state of affairs has come about. For inflammation is an antibacterial response.
一般来说,孤独的人体内活力较低的基因是那些帮助人们避开病毒感染的基因。而那些活力较高的基因帮助人们抵抗细菌。Cole博士怀疑这不但能够解释为什么孤独之人容易得病,而且能从进化的角度这种奇怪的状态时怎么进化来的。因为炎症反应时抵抗细菌的反应。
The crucial bit of the puzzle is that viruses have to be caught from another infected individual and they are usually species-specific. Bacteria, in contrast, often just lurk in theenvironment , and may thrive on many hosts . The gregarious are therefore at greater risk than the lonely of catching viruses, and Dr Cole thus suggests that past evolution has created a mechanism which causes white cells to respond appropriately. Conversely, the lonely are better off ramping up their protection against bacterial infection, which is a bigger relative risk to them.
这个问题的关键点是,病毒必须从另外一个已经感染此病毒的身上感染另一个人,并且病毒通常有其一对一的特殊宿主。细菌却相反,它们潜伏在周围环境中,并且宿主众多。因而爱交际的人比孤独之人更易感染病毒。因此Cole博士认为进化过程创造出了一种机制,可以让白细胞对这一状况进行反应。相反,孤独之人更善于加强他们对细菌感染的保护反应,这对他们来说是一个相对更大的风险。
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