The interstate system has been an essential element of the nations economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation:more than 75 percent of the nations freight deliveries arrive by truck;and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle.Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes,it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations,motels,restaurants,and shopping centers.It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.

　　By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads,residential streets,expressways,and freeways built to support millions of vehicles.The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership.The year construction began he said:Together,the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bearUnited States.Without them,we would be a mere alliance of many separate parts.

　　1. National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.

　　2. General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America.

　　3. It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system.

　　4. Many of the problems presented by the countrys geographical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.

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